ANALISIS KELEMBAGAAN KELOMPOK TANI HUTAN RAKYAT DALAM BUDIDAYA KAKAO (Theobroma cacao) DI LAHAN AGROFORESTRI DESA NGLANGGERAN, KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL, DIY

AGNES DAMAIRIA ARUMSARI, Bowo Dwi Siswoko, S. Hut., M.A

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Penguatan kelembagaan dalam pembangunan sumberdaya hutan perlu dilakukan dengan harapan dapat membantu upaya pertumbuhan dan penguatan kemandirian lembaga masyarakat dalam pengelolaan hutan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui aktifitas Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) dalam budidaya kakao, profil dan dinamika kelembagaan KTH serta problematika kelembagaan dan upaya-upaya yang dibutuhkan untuk pengembangan kelembagaan KTH di Desa Nglanggeran, Pathuk Gunungkidul. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Nglanggeran, Kecamatan Pathuk, Kabupaten Gunungkidul. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode studi kasus dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengambilan data primer dilakukan melalui wawancara langsung dengan informan dengan berpedoman pada interview guide. Data sekunder diperoleh dari pustaka dan instansi terkait. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan tahapan, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan penarikan kesimpulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa aktifitas KTH dalam Budidaya Kakao di Desa Nglanggeran terbagi menjadi 5 tahapan, yaitu: persiapan lahan dan bibit kakao, penanaman kakao, perawatan, panen dan pasca panen. Kelompok Tani Hutan sudah terbentuk sejak lama namun mengalami pasang surut, secara organisasi semua telah teregister di dinas dan mempunyai struktur organisasi. Kelompok Tani Hutan mempunyai nilai-nilai sosial, kepemimpinan yang demokratis, terdapat pertemuan rutin, mampu menghadapi masalah, perubahan dan meredam konflik melalui musyawarah. Problematika KTH adalah a) kelembagaan cenderung stagnan; b) kualitas SDM relatif rendah; c) kecenderungan jumlah anggota menurun; d) kendala modal; e) produktivitas kakao menurun; f) pengembangan di sektor wisata belum terintegrasi dengan pertanian. Pengembangan kelembagaan yang dibutuhkan adalah a) upaya peningkatan juamlah anggota; b) upaya peningkatan kualitas SDM, terutama pengelolaan kelembagaan; c) upaya akses modal; d) upaya pengintegrasian pertanian dengan wisata secara terpadu; e) upaya pelatihan, pendampingan serta pengawasan budidaya kakao secara terpadu.

Institutional strengthening in the development of forest resources need to be done with the hope of helping efforts to the growth and strengthening the independence of communities in forest management. This study aims to determine the activity in the cultivation of cocoa KTH (Forest Farmer Groups), institutional profile and dynamics as well as the problems of institutional and efforts required for institutional development Nglanggeran KTH village, District Pathuk. This research was conducted in the village of Nglanggeran, District Pathuk, Gunung Kidul Regency. This study used a qualitative approach with case study method. The primary data were collected through direct interviews with informants based on the interview guide. Secondary data were obtained from the libraries and institutions concerned. Data were analyzed by stages: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results showed that the activity of KTH in Cocoa Cultivation in Nglanggeran village is divided into 5 stages: land preparation and seedling of cocoa, cocoa planting, maintenance, harvesting and post-harvest. Forest Farmers Group has been formed since a long time but have ups and downs, in the organization all have been registered in the department and have organizational structures. Forest Farmers Group has social values, democratic leadership, there are regular meetings, able to deal with the problem, change and reduce conflict through negotiation. Problematic KTH is a) institutional stagnant; b) the low quality of human resources; c) the tendency of decreasing the number of members; d) lack of capital; e) cocoa productivity declined; f) development in the tourism sector has not been integrated with farming. Institutional development is needed is a) efforts to increase number of member; b) improving the quality of human resources, especially institutional management; c) efforts to access capital; d) agricultural integration efforts with an integrated travel; e) the effort of training, mentoring and supervision of cocoa cultivation in an integrated manner.

Kata Kunci : kelembagaan, kelompok tani hutan, hutan rakyat;institutional, forest farmer groups, community forest