POTENSI TRUBUSAN AKAR PADA PERMUDAAN ALAM CENDANA DI BUKIT DUSUN PETIR C, DESA PETIR, KECAMATAN RONGKOP, KABUPATEN GUNUNGKIDUL

WORO SETYO SEJATI, Ir. Suginingsih, M.P.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Suplai kayu cendana dari tegakan yang tersisa saat ini tidak dapat mengimbangi permintaan yang makin meningkat, sehingga perbanyakan cendana dari permudaan alam di lahan masyarakat dianggap sebagai salah satu solusi pengadaan bibit cendana. Perbanyakan cendana secara vegetatif dianggap lebih mudah dan persen hidupnya lebih tinggi. Di lahan masyarakat Desa Petir dijumpai permudaan alam cendana yang melimpah, terutama dari trubusan akar, namun belum pernah dilakukan kajian mengenai potensinya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui potensi permudaan alam cendana (jumlah pohon induk dan trubusan akar) di bukit di Dusun Petir C, Desa Petir, Kecamatan Rongkop, Kabupaten Gunungkidul, pada tahun 2014. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode kuadran sampling 100% dengan membagi bukit menjadi 4 kuadran sesuai arah mata angin (utara, selatan, barat, timur), dan membagi secara vertikal berdasarkan ketinggian (atas, tengah dan bawah). Penghitungan pohon induk dilakukan berdasarkan kriteria telah mencapai fase reproduktif, membentuk tajuk yang sempurna (lebih dari 2 cabang), serta mampu berbunga dan berbuah. Selanjutnya, dihitung jumlah trubusan yang berasal dari akar dari setiap pohon induk. Trubusan akar yang dihitung memiliki kriteria tinggi antara 0,3-1 meter. Dilakukan pula pencatatan suhu dan kelembaban udara pada setiap kuadran. Terdapat potensi trubusan akar yang melimpah di bukit Dusun Petir C. Pohon induk dan jumlah trubusan akar cendana memiliki jumlah yang berbedabeda di setiap sisi kuadran dan ketinggian, karena berbedanya lama penyinaran cahaya matahari dan naungan, yang menyebabkan berbedanya iklim mikro. Di banding arah angin, ketinggian tempat lebih berpengaruh terhadap pembentukan trubusan akar. Pohon induk dan trubusan akar paling banyak dijumpai di bagian tengah bukit. Trubusan akar dan pohon induk terbanyak berada pada Kuadran IV tengah, sedangkan yang paling sedikit pada Kuadran I bagian bawah. Pohon induk terbanyak terdapat pada Kuadran II tengah dan Kuadran IV tengah yaitu sebanyak 14 pohon. Pohon induk paling sedikit terdapat pada Kuadran I bawah yaitu 2 pohon. Trubusan akar cendana terbanyak terdapat pada Kuadran IV tengah yaitu sebanyak 152 anakan. Trubusan akar cendana paling sedikit terdapat pada Kuadran I bawah.

Since the supply of sandalwood heartwood is lesser than its significantly increasing demand, therefore the mass production from natural regeneration seemed to be a solution in providing the sandalwood sources. Vegetatively propagated regeneration is proven to be easier and having higher survival. Natural regeneration of sandalwood, particularly those emerged from root suckers, were found abundantly in the community fields in Petir, Rongkop, Gunungkidul. However, there were lack information on the potential of natural regeneration by root suckers. This study was aimed to estimate the potential of natural regeneration (the number of parent trees and root suckers) of sandalwood in the limestone hill in Petir C, Petir, Rongkop, Gunungkidul, in 2014. Research was conducted using 100% sampling quadrant method by dividing the hill area into 4 quadrants (north, south, west, east), and divided vertically by height (up, middle and low). Parent trees were counted based on the criteria: already in the reproductive phase, crown having more than 2 branches, and able to produce flowers and fruits. The number of shoots (root suckers) emerged from the root of each of parent tree were then counted. Root ruckers should have a 0.3- 1 meter of height. The air temperature and humidity in each of quadrant were also recordered. The hill of Petir C has potential to produce abundant root suckers. The number of parent trees and root suckers of sandalwood varied with the quadrant and altitude, due to the different solar radiation and shading, which resulted in the different microclimate. Compared to the quadrant, the altitude has more effects to the natural propagation. Root suckers and parent trees were mostly found in the middle part of the hill. Most root suckers and parent trees was located in the middle part of quadrant IV, while the least was in the lower part of quadrant I. Most of parent trees were found in the middle part of quadrant II (east) and the middle part quadrant IV (west), which is consisted of 14 trees each. The less parent trees was found in the lower part of quadrant I (north), which is consisted of only 2 trees. Root suckers were mostly found in the middle part of quadrant IV (west), which produced 152 shoots. The less root suckers were found in the lower part of quadrant I (north).

Kata Kunci : natural regeneration, potential of root suckers, sandalwood