Search of homo Islamicus: experimental test of Muslim Economic agent's behavior in Islamic Economic Framework
Susamto, Akhmad Akbar (Adv. Dra. Endang Sih Prapti, MA), Dra. Endang Sih Prapti, MA
Salah satu isu paling penting dalam pengembangan ilmu ekonomi islami adalah perdebatan tentang model seorang Muslim sebagai agen ekonomi. Apakah ahli-ahli ekonomi Islami menggunakan model Neoklassik yang sangat kaya saat ini ataukah mengembangkan model agen ekonomi baru yang mencakup nilai-nilai Islam. Dengankata lain, apakah ahli-ahli ekonomi Islami sekedar menguji bagaimana model homo economicus berlaku di dalam masyarakat yang dipengaruhi nilai-nilai Islam, atau malahmerubah model homo economicus tersebut dan menggantinya dengan model homo Islamicus?
Penelitian ini difokuskan untuk mengembangkan model homo Islamicus di dalam kerangka kerja ilmu ekonomi Islami. Pertanyaan utama penelitian ini adalah bagaimana perilaku agen ekonomi Muslim diarahkan dan dilaksanakan. Lebihlanjut, beberapa pertanyaan diajukan secara soesifik dalam penelitian ini. Pertama, hubungan antara perilaku agen ekonomi Muslim dengan nilai-nilai Islam. Kedua, hubungan antara perilaku agen ekonomi Muslim dengan ketaatannya beribadah. Ketiga, hubungan antara perilaku agen ekonomi Muslim dan insemtif selain nilai¬nilai Islam. Dan keempat, hubungan antara perilaku agen ekonomi Muslim, insemtif selain nilai-nilai Islam, dan gender.
Hasil penelitianini menunjukkan bahwa perilaku sebagian agen ekonomi Muslim benar-benar dipengaruhi nilai-nilai Islam, dan perilaku sebagian yang lain tidak. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa agen ekonomi Muslim yang taat
One of the most prevalent issues in the development of Islamic economics is the debate on the model of Muslim as an economic agent. Whether Islamic economists utilize the existing rich model of Neoclassical economics or introduce new model of economic agent that capture "Islamic values". In other words, should Islamic economists simply examine how the model of homo economicus would behave in an economy influenced by Islamic values, or change also the model of homo economicus and introduce homo Islamicus?
This research is concerned to develop the model of homo Is/amicus in Islamic economic framework. This research's main query is to find out how Muslim economic agent's behavior is directed and performed. Several queries are further specifically delivered in this research. First, the rclationshiop betwen a Muslim economic agent's behavior and Islamic values. Second, the relationship between a Muslim economic agent's behavior and his or her prayer obedience. Third, the relationship between a Muslim economic agent's behavior and incentives other than Islamic values. And fourth, the relationship between Muslim economic agent's behavior, incentives other than Islamic values, and gender.
The results show that some Muslim economic agents' behavior is III fact influenced by Islamic values and some others' behavior is not. The results also show that prayer-obedient Muslim economic agents influenced indifferently by Islamic values than that of prayer-obedient Muslim economic agents.
Kata Kunci : homo economicus, ekonomi Islami, perilaku agen ekonomi Muslim
