HUBUNGAN ASUPAN ZAT GIZI DAN KADAR TIMBAL (Pb) DALAM DARAH DENGAN KADAR HEMOGLOBIN PADA POLISI LALU LINTAS WANITA DI PROVINSI DIY

M HAFIZH HARIAWAN, Dr. Toto Sudargo, SKM., M.Kes; Dr. dr. Emy Huriyati, M.Kes

2017 | Skripsi | S1 GIZI KESEHATAN

Latar Belakang : Perkembangan zaman memicu terjadinya perubahan berbagai sektor kehidupan manusia salah satunya adalah sektor transportasi. Terjadi peningkatan jumlah kendaraan bermotor yang berdampak pada meningkatnya polusi udara oleh emisi gas buang. Timbal merupakan salah satu logam berbahaya yang paling banyak mencemari udara. Polisi lalu lintas wanita memiliki risiko paling tinggi terpapar polusi timbal. Tingginya kadar timbal dalam darah dapat mempengaruhi kadar hemoglobin. Kadar hemoglobin juga dipengaruhi oleh asupan zat gizi terutama sumber protein, vitamin C, dan zat besi. Tujuan : Mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi kadar hemoglobin (Hb) dalam darah pada polisi lalu lintas wanita di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) Metode : Penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Sampel diambil secara total sampling dengan melibatkan 54 orang polisi lalu lintas wanita yang masih aktif bertugas di daerah padat kendaraan dan cemaran udara. Semua subjek penelitian dilakukan wawancara asupan makan dengan metode recall 24 jam serta pengambilan darah untuk melihat kadar timbal dan hemoglobin. Data dianalisis untuk melihat gambaran masing-masing data. Analisis hubungan antara asupan zat gizi dan kadar timbal dengan kadar hemoglobin menggunakan uji Korelasi Pearson. Hasil : Rata-rata asupan protein adalah 74.76 ���± 29.2 %AKG, asupan vitamin C adalah 58.4 ���± 89.37 %AKG, dan asupan zat besi 28.28 ���± 29.63 %AKG. Sebanyak 64,8% (protein), 81,5% (vitamin C), dan 96,3% (zat besi) subjek penelitian mengkonsumsi kurang dari anjuran (<80%). Rata-rata kadar timbal darah adalah 0.05 ���± 0.1 ���µg/dL dan kadar hemoglobin adalah 13.97 ���± 1.14 g/dL. Seluruh subjek penelitian (100%) memiliki kadar timbal normal dan sebanyak 98,1% subjek memiliki kadar hemoglobin normal. Kesimpulan : Berdasarkan hasil uji Korelasi Pearson tidak terdapat hubungan antara asupan protein (p=0,430), asupan vitamin C (p=0,585), asupan zat besi (p=0.096), dan kadar timbal darah (p=0,612) dengan kadar hemoglobin pada polisi lalu lintas wanita.

Background : The development of the time triggered the change of various sectors of human life one of them is the transportation sector. An increase in the number of motor vehicles that impact on increasing air pollution by exhaust emissions. Lead is one of the most dangerous metals polluting the air. Female traffic police have the highest risk of exposure to lead pollution. High levels of lead in the blood can affect hemoglobin levels. Hemoglobin levels are also influenced by the intake of nutrients, especially sources of protein, vitamin C, and iron. Objective : To understanding factors affecting blood hemoglobin (Hb) levels in female traffic police in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) Methods : Observational research with cross-sectional design. Samples were taken in total sampling involving 54 active female traffic policemen serving in dense areas of vehicles and airborne. All study subjects were interviewed with 24 hours recall feeding method and blood sampling to see lead and haemoglobin levels. Data were analyzed to see the description of each data. Analysis of the relationship between nutrient intake and lead levels with hemoglobin levels using Pearson Correlation test. Results : The mean protein intake was 74.76 ���± 29.2% AKG, vitamin C intake was 58.4 ���± 89.37% AKG, and iron intake 28.28 ���± 29.63% AKG. A total of 64.8% (protein), 81.5% (vitamin C), and 96.3% (iron) subjects consumed less than recommended (<80%). The mean blood lead levels were 0.05 ���± 0.1 ���¼g / dL and the hemoglobin level was 13.97 ���± 1.14 g / dL. All subjects (100%) had normal lead levels and as many as 98.1% of subjects had normal haemoglobin levels. Conclusion : Based on Pearson correlation test, there was no correlation between protein intake (p = 0,430), vitamin C intake (p = 0,585), iron intake (p = 0.096), and blood lead level (p = 0,612) with hemoglobin level in female traffic police

Kata Kunci : Kata Kunci : asupan protein, asupan vitamin C, asupan zat besi, kadar timbal darah, kadar hemoglobin, polisi lalu lintas wanita/Keywords : protein intake, vitamin C intake, iron intake, blood lead levels, hemoglobin levels, female traffic police