PERSEPSI MASYARAKAT TERHADAP PENGELOLAAN INSTALASI PENGOLAHAN AIR LIMBAH (IPAL) RS PKU MUHAMMADIYAH BANTUL TERKAIT DENGAN KONDISI LINGKUNGAN MASYARAKAT

FREDDY BIMO LEKSONO, Dr. Sigit Heru Murti M.Si dan Dr. Luthfi Muta'ali MT

2017 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan instalasi pengolahan air limbah (IPAL) RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul. Pemilihan lokasi di RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul dikarenakan keberadaan rumah sakit yang berada di lingkungan pemukiman padat penduduk. Adanya opini yang berkembang di penduduk setempat terjadi pencemaran lingkungan akibat keberadaan lokasi IPAL rumah sakit. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Metode yang digunakan yaitu metode survai lapangan melalui wawancara dan menggunakan media kuisioner. Metode pengolahan data menggunakan uji statistik tabulasi silang (crosstab), korelasi (chi-square). Metode pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive dengan tiga zonasi daerah dan 6 titik pengambilan sampel airtanah. Analisa pengolahan data untuk mengetahui hubungan antar variabel menggunakan uji probabilitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi responden terhadap lokasi IPAL buruk, sedangkan persepsi responden terhadap informasi dan keterbukaan informasi pengelolaan IPAL buruk. Sementara itu pemahaman masyarakat terhadap pengelolaan IPAL baik. Hubungan antar variabel yang berkorelasi terhadap pembentukan persepsi responden antara lain umur, status kependudukan dan tingkat pendidikan untuk variabel lokasi IPAL. Untuk variabel informasi/ transparansi pengelolaan IPAL variabel yang berkorelasi umur, tingkat pendidikan, status kependudukan dan lama tinggal, sedangkan untuk tingkat pemahaman masyarakat yaitu umur, tingkat pendidikan dan lama tinggal. Berdasarkan hasil analisis uji laboratorium terhadap kualitas airtanah menunjukkan bahwa dari parameter yang diujikan yakni pH, NH3-N, Fe Total, BOD, COD, MBAS, Senyawa fenol, dan Pb masih berada dibawah Baku Mutu Air Minum Permenkes No 492 Tahun 2010 sedangkan untuk parameter Total Colliform pada semua titik sampling yaitu lebih besar atau sama dengan 2400 MPN/100mL. Hal ini menunjukan kualitas airtanah milik penduduk yang bermukim disekitar RS PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul tidak baik untuk dikonsumsi.

This research is aimed to find out about people's perception on Wastewater Treatment Installation (IPAL) of PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital. This particular location was selected based on the fact that the hospital is located in a highly populated area. There were suspicions that spread around regarding environmental pollution which might be resulted from the existence of the Wastewater Treatment in the hospital. Qualitative and Quantitative approaches are applied in this research. The research method is field survey methods, including interviews and questionnaires. The data are processed using cross tabulation and chi-square methods. Purposive samples are gathered from three zones and six groundwater sampling spots. The analysis of the data is conducted to investigate the relationship between all of the variables through probability examination. The result of this research shows that the perception of the respondents regarding the location of the Wastewater Treatment Installation is not good. It is also found that their perception on information and transparency about the Wastewater Treatment Installation also remarks dissatisfaction. On the other hand, people have decent knowledge about the management of Wastewater Treatment Installation. Regarding the IPAL Wastewater Treatment location, the variables that correlate with the development of people's perception include age, citizenship status and level of education. For the information/transparency of the IPAL Wastewater Treatment, the correlating variables are including age, level of education, citizenship status, and length of stay. Additionally, for the level of people's knowledge, the variables are including age, level of education, and length of stay. Based on the result of the laboratory analysis regarding the quality of groundwater, it is shown that the examined perimeters, including pH, NH3-N, Total Fe, BOD, COD, MBAS, Phenol Compounds, and Pb are still below the Drinking Water Quality Standard from the Regulation of the Ministry of Health number 492 in 2010. On the other hand, the total perimeter of Coliform on all of the sampling spots is more than or same as 2400 MPN/100 milliliters. This shows that the quality of groundwater that belong to the people who live nearby PKU Muhammadiyah Bantul Hospital is not good for consumption.

Kata Kunci : persepsi, pengelolaan IPAL, airtanah / perception, Wastewater Treatment, groundwater