KAJIAN KUALITAS AIR KALI BELIK DAN PENGARUHNYA PADA SUMBER AIR BAKU (UMBUL PACE) KAMPUS UNIVERSITAS GADJAH MADA YOGYAKARTA

ISKANDAR, Prof. Ir. Joko Sudjono, M.Eng., Ph.D. ; Intan Supraba, S.T., M.Sc., Ph.D.

2017 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Sipil

Kondisi air di Hulu Kali Belik sudah tercemar yang disebabkan oleh aktivitas domestik masyarakat yang bermukim di kawasan tangkapan airnya (catchment area). Aliran Kali Belik tersebut melewati kawasan kampus Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta sehingga dapat mempengaruhi kualitas air di sumber air baku (Umbul Pace) UGM yang letaknya hanya berjarak 10 m dari sungai. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui status mutu air di Kali Belik Kawasan Kampus Universtias Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta dan pengaruhnya terhadap kualitas air di sumber air baku (Umbul Pace) Universtias Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. Penelitian dilakukan di 2 lokasi yaitu Hulu Kali Belik dan Umbul Pace dengan menganalisis perubahan kualitas air dari tahun 2011 hingga 2016. Status mutu air ditentukan dengan metode indeks pencemaran berdasarkan keputusan Menteri Lingkungan Hidup Nomor 115 tahun 2003, sedangkan analisis kualitas air dilakukan dengan metode statistik dengan mengacu pada Peraturan Pemerintah Nomor 82 tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air. Berdasarkan 10 parameter kualitas air yang ditinjau yaitu pH, TDS, Nitrat, Nitrit, Deterjen, Kadmium, Seng, Warna, Timbal dan Total coliform, semua parameter di Umbul Pace memenuhi standar baku mutu, sedangakan di Kali Belik yang memenuhi standar baku mutu hanya 3 parameter yaitu pH, TDS dan Nitrat. Total indeks pencemaran air Kali Belik pada tahun 2016 berdasarkan analisis status mutu air dengan metode indeks pencemaran sebesar 37,90, sehingga dikategorikan cemar berat. Hubungan kualitas air Kali Belik dan Umbul Pace ditunjukkan oleh trend yang sama antara keduanya yaitu 6 parameter (pH, TDS, Nitrit, Kadmium, Seng dan Warna) meningkat dan 2 parameter (Nitrat dan Timbal) menurun. Pengaruh Kali Belik terhadap air di Umbul Pace yaitu pH 3,43%, TDS 8,04%, Nitrit 0,23%, Kadmium 95%, Seng 41,28%, dan warna 47,37% yang berdampak negatif, walaupun belum membuat Umbul Pace tercemar.

The condition of water in Hulu Kali Belik has been contaminated due to the domestic activities of the people living in the catchment area. The flow of Kali Belik passes through the campus of Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta, so it can affect the water quality at UGM's water source which is only 10 m from the river. This study aims to determine the status of water quality in Kali Belik Campus area of Universtias Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta and its influence on water quality in water source (Umbul Pace) Universtas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta. The researchs were conducted in 2 locations, namely Hulu Kali Belik and Umbul Pace by analyzing water quality changes since 2011 to 2016. Water quality status was determined by pollution index method based on Minister of Environment Decree No. 115 year 2003, while water quality analysis was done by statistical method with Referring to Government Regulation No. 82 year 2001 about Water Quality Management and Water Pollution Control. Based on 10 parameters of water quality in terms of pH, TDS, Nitrate, Nitrite, Detergent, Cadmium, Zinc, Color, Lead and Total coliform, all parameters in Umbul Pace meet the standard quality, while in Kali Belik that meet the standard quality standard only 3 Parameters ie. pH, TDS and Nitrate. Total water pollution index of Kali Belik in 2016 based on analysis of water quality status with pollution index method is 37,90, so it is categorized as heavily polluted. The relationship of Kali Belik and Umbul Pace are shown by the same trend between 6 parameters (pH, TDS, Nitrite, Cadmium, Zinc and Color) increased and 2 parameters (Nitrate and Lead) decreased. The influence of Kali Belik on water at Umbul Pace are pH 3.43%, TDS 8,04%, Nitrite 0,23%, Cadmium 95%, Zinc 41,28%, and color 47,37% which have negative impact, but they have not made Umbul Pace polluted

Kata Kunci : kualitas air, pengaruh Kali Belik, Umbul Pace.