KUALITAS DAN KECERNAAN IN VITRO SILASE RUMPUT LAPANGAN DENGAN SUPLEMENTASI LAMTORO (Leucaena leucocephala) DAN INOKULASI Lactobacillus plantarum

RYAN ARYADIN PUTRA, Cuk Tri Noviandi, S.Pt., M.Anim, St., Ph.D; Nafiatul Umami, S. Pt., M.P., Ph.D

2017 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi lamtoro dan inokulasi Lactobacillus plantarum terhadap kualitas fisik, kimia, dan kecernaan silase rumput lapangan. Penelitian didesain menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap pola faktorial 3 × 3. Faktor pertama berupa suplementasi lamtoro dengan level 10, 20, dan 30%, dan faktor kedua berupa inokulasi L. plantarum dengan level 0, 2, dan 4%. Variabel yang diukur meliputi karakteristik fisik, karakteristik fermentasi, komposisi kimia, parameter fermentasi rumen, dan kecernaan nutrien secara in vitro. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan suplementasi lamtoro dan inokulasi L. plantarum menghasilkan silase dengan kualitas fisik yang baik. Peningkatan level suplementasi lamtoro meningkatkan (P<0,05) pH dan konsentrasi NH3 silase. Inokulasi L. plantarum secara nyata menurunkan pH dan konsentrasi NH3 silase. Kandungan bahan kering (BK), bahan organik (BO), protein kasar (PK), lemak kasar (LK), dan total digestible nutrients (TDN) silase meningkat (P<0,05) dengan peningkatan level suplementasi serta menurunkan (P<0,05) kandungan serat kasar (SK). Inokulasi L. plantarum menunjukkan pengaruh terhadap penurunan kandungan SK dan LK silase (P<0,05). Derajat keasaman cairan rumen tidak dipengaruhi oleh perlakuan suplementasi lamtoro maupun oleh inokulasi L. plantarum. Konsentrasi VFA total, asetat, dan propionat meningkat (P<0,05) dengan adanya suplementasi lamtoro sedangkan inokulasi L. plantarum berpengaruh terhadap peningkatan proporsi asetat (P<0,05) dan cenderung (P=0,071) meningkatkan VFA total cairan rumen. Konsentrasi NH3 rumen menurun (P<0,05) akibat suplementasi lamtoro dan inokulasi L. plantarum, namun hanya suplementasi lamtoro yang secara nyata meningkatkan sintesis protein mikroba rumen. Suplementasi lamtoro meningkatkan (P<0,05) KcBK, KcBO, dan KcPK, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan terhadap KcSK. Inokulasi L. plantarum tidak menunjukkan pengaruh pada KcBK, namun menurunkan KcBO dan meningkatkan KcPK dan KcSK (P<0,05). Suplementasi lamtoro dan inokulasi L. plantarum menunjukkan pengaruh interaksi terhadap konsentrasi NH3 silase, NH3 cairan rumen, KcBK dan KcPK. Disimpulkan bahwa suplementasi lamtoro 30% dan inokulasi L. plantarum 2% serta kombinasinya merupakan perlakuan yang menghasilkan kualitas fisik, kimia, karakteristik fermentasi rumen, dan kecernaan silase rumput lapangan yang terbaik.

This study has been conducted to determine the effect of Leucaena leucocephala supplementation and inoculation of Lactobacillus plantarum on the physical, chemical, and digestibility of native grass silage. The study was designed using a 3 x 3 factorial complete randomized design. The first factor was Leucaena supplementation with level of 10, 20, and 30%, and the second factor was L. plantarum inoculation with level 0, 2, and 4%. The collected data were included characteristics of physical and fermentation, chemical composition, ruminal fermentation characteristics, and in vitro digestibility. The results showed that Leucaena supplementation and L. plantarum inoculation resulted in good quality silage. Increasing levels of Leucaena supplementation linearly increased (P<0.05) pH and NH3 concentration of the silage. Inoculation of L. plantarum significantly decreased pH and NH3 concentration of silage. Concentrations of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and total digestible nutrients (TDN) of silage significantly increased with the increasing level of Leucaena supplementation, but decreased (P<0.05) crude fiber (CF) concentration of the silage. Lactobacillus plantarum inoculation affected some of chemical composition of the silage, i.e. decreased CF and EE concentrations (P<0.05). Ruminal pH was not affected by Leucaena supplementation nor by L. plantarum inoculation. The concentrations of VFA total, acetate, and propionate was significantly increased due to Leucaena supplementation, while L. plantarum inoculation increased acetate concentration (P<0.05) and tended (P=0.071) to increase VFA total concentration. The concentration of ruminal NH3 was decreased (P<0.05) due to Leucaena supplementation and L. plantarum inoculation, but only Leucaena supplementation significantly increased microbial protein synthesis. Leucaena supplementation significantly increased DMD, OMD, and CPD but no response was noted on CFD. Lactobacillus. plantarum inoculation did not show any effects on DMD, but visible effect of reducing the OMD, and also significantly increased the CPD and CFD of the silages. Leucaena supplementation and L. plantarum inoculation on silage showed interaction effects on concentration of NH3, DMD, and CPD of the silage as well as on ruminal NH3, however, no interaction effects was noticed on the other variables. Based on the results, it was concluded that Leucaena supplementation at 30% and L. plantarum inoculation at 2% as well as its combination were the best treatments for achieving the best physical and chemical quality, rumen fermentation characteristic, and digestibility of the native grass silage.

Kata Kunci : Leucaena leucocephala, Lactobacillus plantarum, In vitro digestibility, Rumen fermentation characteristic, Native grass, Silage