Kebijakan Amerika Serikat terhadap Taiwan pada Masa Kepemimpinan Presiden George Walker Bush (2001-2008) (U.S. Policy toward Taiwan under George Walker Bush Administration [2001-2008])

Amin Salasa, Budi Winarno

2010 | Skripsi | Ilmu Hubungan Internasional

The status of Taiwan is a key issue for U.S. foreign policy and a critical point of contention in U.S. relations with PRC-People’s Republic of China, which tenaciously claims for full sovereignty over Taiwan. Meanwhile, for almost than 3 decades, the U.S. policies toward Taiwan seems experience neither dramatic nor drastic changes which for overall still stick on its bed rock-on its core conceptions thus so called strategic ambiguity; “an ever haven and a safe playing” moves so long for the U.S. However at the turn of the new millenium, the wind of changes blew upon the rise of the new American administration. And respectively, under the George Walker Bush’s Administration (2001-2008), the so called strategic triangular relationships between the U.S.-PRC-Taiwan has undergone number of dramatic and yet significant changes. At the very early period on office-roughly from 2001-mid 2003, the new Administration seemed to abandon the long-standing U.S. policy of strategic ambiguity on Taiwan in a favor of strategic clarity that placed more emphasis on Taiwan’s interests and less on PRC concerns-though then being a self evident-turns in expenses stakes for the U.S. as Taipei felt emboldened to take provocatives moves. But the attack of 11 September rapidly though not drastically alter the equation. A through reformulation policy was outlined and strongly proposed the urgency for the U.S. to create a more constructive and stable cooperation with PRC-a moment seizure to effectively gaining momentum on post 9/11 realm-while U.S. also having committed itself of not to abandon (again) the old “democratic” ally of Taiwan. A moderation move finally was being made, US then replaced its “self risky taking” and “provocative nuance” of strategic clarity and installed the moderative strategic balancing policy [mid 2003-2008]-a measure that seek to balance the two different interest of the two “entity” of China. The main assertion of this manuscript is to explain the shift of policies taken by the Bush Jr. administration respectively in the effective period of 2001-2008 i.e. from strategic ambiguity to strategic clarity and from strategic clarity to strategic balancing, while comprehensively analyze the roots and rationale for the changes and constructively find the implications of those shift in policies toward the so called strategic triangular relationships between US-PRC-Taiwan and on regard of the East Asian overall stability. Keyword : Taiwan, PRC, U.S. Foreign Policy, Mainland-Taiwan Relations, Strategic Ambiguity, Strategic Clarity, Strategic Balancing, Strategic Triangular Relationship

Kata Kunci : Hub Internasioanal-AS-Taiwan