IDENTIFIKASI GEJALA KLINIS DAN ISOLASI KAUSATIF DERMATOMIKOSIS PADA KUDA DI KABUPATEN BOYOLALI, JAWA TENGAH

RIAN MAULANA, Dr. drh. Yuriadi, M.P.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Menurut laporan Klinik Hewan Keliling Persatuan Olahraga Berkuda Seluruh Indonesia (PORDASI) Jawa Tengah pada tahun 2015 terdapat total 355 ekor kuda menderita sakit dengan 35 ekor atau 9,85% terdiagnosa dermatomikosis. Kasus dermatomikosis kasus terbesar kedua setelah lesi traumatik. Dermatomikosis dinilai merugikan karena dapat menimbulkan kerusakan pada kulit, penurunan berat badan hingga gangguan pertumbuhan pada hewan muda yang berdampak pada turunnya harga jual dan menyebabkan kerugian ekonomi. Diagnosa berdasarkan pemeriksaan lesi dapat dilakukan agar terapi dapat segera diberikan. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan penelitian demi mengetahui spesifikasi gejala klinis berbagai spesies fungi penyebab dermatomikosis. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan lima ekor kuda yang dilaporkan terinfeksi penyakit kulit oleh Klinik Hewan Keliling PORDASI Jawa Tengah sebagai sampelnya pada bulan April sampai Juli 2016. Kuda yang dilaporkan sakit kulit dilakukan diagnosa mulai dari anamnesa, pemeriksaan umum hingga pemeriksaan khusus kulit yang dibantu dengan wood�s lamp. Lesi kulit kuda dilakukan kerokan kulit yang digunakan dalam pengambilan sampel fungi kemudian ditanam pada media Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) dan diinkubasi selama lima sampai tujuh hari dalam suhu ruangan. Identifikasi dilakukan secara makroskopik dengan memperhatikan morfologi koloni dan juga secara mikroskopik dari slide culture dengan pewarnaan lactophenol cotton blue. Hasil penelitian identifikasi gejala klinis dan isolasi ditemukan 40% fungi Mucor sp. dengan gejala klinis lesi vesikula yang kemudian berkembang menjadi lesi ulseratif yang diikuti penebalan kulit. Sebanyak 20% sampel terinfeksi Aspergillus niger dengan gejala klinis krusta pada daerah antebrachii margo lateralis tanpa gejala pruritus. Sebanyak 20% sampel terinfeksi Aspergillus flavus dengan gejala klinis krusta dan alopesia pada rambut sekitar dorsal leher diikuti gejala alopesia. Sebanyak 20% sampel terinfeksi Penicillium sp. dengan gejala klinis alopesia dan lesi tunggal dan kering dengan permukaan datar serta pada bagian tengah lesi mengalami penebalan stratum korneum (hiperkeratosis) sehingga terlihat seperti sisik.

According to the Animal Clinic Roving Equestrian Sports Association of Indonesia (PORDASI) in Central Java, in 2015 there were a total of 355 sick horses with 35 of them or 9.85% diagnosed with dermatomycosis. Dermatomycosis was the second largest case after traumatic lesions found. dermatomycosis is considered to be harmful because it can irritates skin, weight loss to growth disorders in young animals that impact on the decline in selling prices and causes economic losses. Diagnosis can be done based on lesion examination so therapy can be given immediately. Therefore a research to identify the the spesific clinical symptoms of every fungi that causative agent in horse dermatomycosis needed to be done. In this study, five horses diagnosed with skin disease by Animal Clinic Roving PORDASI Central Java in April to July 2016 were used as the samples. The diagnose was made by creating anamnesis, then performing a general examination and specific examination on the skin using the wood's lamp. Skin scraping was done right in the lesions to isolate the causative fungi agent. The scrap then cultured in the medium of Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and then incubated for five to seven days at temperature of normal room. Identification was done using the microscope by observing the slide culture stained with Lactophenol cotton blue. The colony of the fungi cultured then identified by its morphology. The observation of the fungi cultured found that 40% fungi identified as Mucor sp. with clinical symptoms of lesion were vesicles which later evolved into the ulcerative lesions followed by thickening of the skin. As many as 20% of samples infected with fungi identified as Aspergillus niger with clinical symptoms encrustations on the lateral border of the antebrachii areas without pruritus. 20% of samples were diagnosed infected with Aspergillus flavus with clinical symptoms of crusts on the dorsal hair around the neck followed by symptoms of alopecia and 20% of the rest samples was diagnosed infected with Penicillium sp. with clinical symptoms of alopecia and single lesion with dry and a flat surface. The lesion had thickened of stratum corneum (hyperkeratosis) in the center so it looks like scales.

Kata Kunci : Kuda, dermatomikosis, lesi kulit spesifik, fungi