VIABILITAS DAN PERKEMBANGAN EMBRIO PUYUH UMUR 7-13 HARI INKUBASI
SEPTINA AYU HAPSARI, Dr. drh. Asmarani Kusumawati, MP.
2017 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWANPuyuh termasuk dalam filum Chordata, kelas Aves, ordo Galliformes, famili Phasianidae, genus Coturnix dan spesies Coturnix-coturnix japonica. Puyuh Jepang (Coturnix c. japonica) merupakan hewan coba yang baik untuk penelitian ilmiah yang luas termasuk embriologi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui viabilitas dan perkembangan embrio puyuh umur 7-13 hari. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah telur puyuh umur 7-13 hari yang berasal dari hatchery PT. Peksi Guna Raharja. Penelitian ini menggunakan 100 telur puyuh fertil dan diinkubasi di inkubator. Telur puyuh diambil dan dipecahkan setiap hari, viabilitas embrio diamati, difiksasi dengan neutral buffer formalin dan diukur panjang tubuh, kaki, sayap, kepala dan jantung. Hasil pengamatan pada telur puyuh menunjukkan bahwa pada umur tujuh sampai tigabelas hari memiliki viabilitas 81%. Embrio umur 7 hari anggota tubuh mulai terdiferensiasi, sayap dan kaki terlihat jelas sehingga dapat diukur. Embrio puyuh umur 8-9 hari belum ditemukan adanya bulu pada tubuh embrio. Perkembangan embrio puyuh umur 9,5 hari-10 hari adalah terdapat bakal bulu dari daerah cervix memanjang ke vertebrae embrio dengan pigmentasi kecoklatan. Embrio puyuh umur 10 hari di daerah vertebrae dan femur bulu tumbuh lebih panjang dan jelas. Embrio puyuh umur 11 hari memiliki panjang badan 3,5 cm, sayap 1,41 ���± 0,16 cm, kaki 1,8 cm, kepala 3,4 ���± 0,85 cm dan jantung 0,5 cm. Embrio puyuh umur 12 hari yaitu pigmentasi coklat kehitaman terlihat di daerah kepala (forehead), sayap dan pectoral, bulu juga terlihat di bagian lateral tubuh. Perkembangan embrio puyuh umur 13 hari yaitu bulu telah menutupi seluruh bagian tubuh. Inbreeding dapat menjadi faktor meningkatnya mortalitas pada embrio. Pertumbuhan embrio puyuh bervariasi ukurannya. Manajemen, kelembaban, dan suhu harus diperhatikan untuk mendukung perkembangan embrio puyuh.
The quail belongs to the phylum of Chordata, class Aves, order Galliformes, family Phasianidae, genus Coturnix and species Coturnix-coturnix japonica. The Japanese quail (Coturnix c. japonica) is an excellent model animal for a wide range of scientific research including embryology. This study was aimed to determine the embryo viability and quail embryo development of 7-13 days old. The samples used for this research were 7-13 days old quail fertile eggs from hatchery PT. Peksi Guna Raharja. This study used 100 of quail eggs fertile were incubated in artificial incubator. Quail eggs were taken and broken every day, then the embryo viability was observed, fixated with neutral buffer formalin and measured the length of the body, legs, wings, head, and heart. Observations of quail eggs showed that the age of embryo seven to thirteen days has the viability of 81%. In 7 days old embryo, the limbs began to differentation and noticeable wings and legs can be measured. Quail embryo in 8-9 days old, there were no feather in embryo body appeared. Development of quail embryo in 9.5-10 days old, feather buds appeared from cervix up to vertebrae embryo with brown pigmentation. Quail embryo in 10 days old, there was a noticeable increase of feather length in area vertebrae and femur. In 11 days old embryo, the length of body was 3.5 cm; wings were 1.41 ���± 0.16 cm; legs were 1.8 cm; head was 3.4 ���± 0.85 cm; and heart was 0.5 cm. Quail embryo in 12 days old, black and brown pigmentation appeared in head (forehead), wings and pectoral; feather also appeared in body side. Development of quail embryo in 13 days old was feather covered all part of the quail body. Inbreeding can be a factor of embryo mortality increasing. Quail embryo growth was more varied in size. Management, humidity and temperature should be taken into account to support the development of quail embryo.
Kata Kunci : Puyuh, Perkembangan Embrio, Viabilitas
