STUDY OF RESPIRATORY RATE ON SUMATRAN TIGER (Panthera tigris sumatrae) IN TAMAN SATWA TARU JURUG, SURAKARTA, CENTRAL JAVA

CHOONG, CHOI YAN, drh. Slamet Raharjo. MP.;Dr. drh. Soedarmanto Indarjulianto ;Dr. drh. Claude Mona Airin, M.P.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 KEDOKTERAN HEWAN

Harimau Sumatra salah satu carnivora Indonesia yang menghadapi kepunahan. Selama ini, hanya ada satu penelitian tentang frekuensi nafas pada harimau Sumatra di kebun bintang Gembira Loka, Yogyakarta. Frekuensi nafas merupakan satu salah referensi untuk menentukan status kesehatan sesuatu hewan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui frekuensi nafas hewan harimau Sumatra di Taman Satwa Taru Jurug (TSTJ), Surakarta, Jawa tengah. Empat (4) ekor Harimau Sumatra dewasa sehat terdiri dari 3 betina dan 1 jantan berumur 10 dan 11 tahun dipakai dalam penelitian ini. Harimau ditempatkan di 2 kandang berbeda; 2 di kandang beratap (indoor) dan 2 di kandang tanpa atap (outdoor). Hewan tersebut di TSTJ diberikan pakan yang bagus dan air minum ad libitum. Frekuensi nafas dihitung dengan melihat gerakan kembang-kempisnya torakoabdominal waktu hewan melakukan respirasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan selama 3 hari berturut-turut jam 8 pagi, 12 siang dan 4 sore. Suhu lingkungan dan kelembaban dicatat sebagai data sekunder data pada waktu sama dengan frekuensi nafas. Data dianalisa menggunakan One-way Analysis of Variance (One-way ANOVA). Frekuensi nafas harimau Sumatra di kandang beratap pada pagi hari berkisar 12-48x/menit dengan rata-rata 24±4x/menit, siang hari berkisar 10-57x/menit dengan rata-rata 26±3x/menit dan sore hari berkisar 23-71x/menit dengan rata-rata 52±9x/menit. Frekuensi nafas harimau Sumatra di kandang tanpa atap pada pagi hari berkisar 30-87x/menit dengan rata-rata 56±7x/menit, siang hari berkisar 54-134x/menit dengan rata-rata 104±11x/menit dan sore hari berkisar 50-114x/menit dengan rata-rata 94±8x/menit. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan (P>0.05) antara temperatur dan frekuensi nafas dan ada perbedaan signifikan (P<0.05) antara kelembapan dan frekuensi nafas di kandang indoor, namun ada perbedaan signifikan (P<0.05) antara kelembaban dan temperatur terhadap frekuensi nafas di kandang outdoor. Dapat disimpulkan, frekuensi nafas pada harimau Sumatra berkisar antara 15-59x/menit, dengan rata-rata 34±5x/menit di kandang indoor dan 49-112 x/menit, dengan rata-rata 84±9 x/menit di kandang outdoor.

Sumatran tigers are facing extinction and more of its species are kept in captivity to ensure it does not undergo extinction. Formerly, there is only one report on the data of the respiratory rate of captive Sumatran tigers in Gembira Loka Zoo, Yogyakarta. Respiratory rates are used as one of the main reference parameter to determine the health status of an animal. This study was aimed to determine the normal respiratory rate of Sumatran tigers in Taman Satwa Taru Jurug (TSTJ), Surakarta, Central Java. Four (4) healthy Sumatran tigers of mixed gender aged 10 to 11 years old were used in this study were kept in 2 different type of cage, 2 tigers were caged indoor and 2 tigers were caged outdoor. These tigers were housed in TSTJ, with planned feed and drinking water given ad libitum. Respiratory frequency was calculated, by observing the rise and fall of the thoracoabdominal movement during respiration. The respiratory rate was measured for 3 consecutive days from 24 to 26 October 2015 at 8 AM, 12 AM and 4 PM daily. Environment temperature and humidity had been recorded as secondary data. The data collected was compared with the temperature and humidity in the morning, afternoon and evening, and then analyzed statistically using the One-way Analysis of Variance (One-way ANOVA). The overall comparison between timings showed significant difference (P < 0.05) in both cages. When compared to the environment humidity it showed significant difference (P < 0.05) in both cages, however, when compared to environment temperature showed significant difference (P < 0.05) in outdoor cage but no significant difference (P > 0.05) in indoor cage. Based on the results, the respiratory rate of Sumatran tiger range 15-59 x/minute, with an average of 34±5 x/minute in indoor cage while outdoor Sumatran tigers have respiratory rate range 49-112x/minute, with an average of 84±9 x/minute. It was concluded that temperature does not affect the respiratory rate of indoor cage Sumatran tigers in Taman Satwa Taru Jurug, however humidity does affect the respiratory rate in both cages.

Kata Kunci : Keywords: Sumatran tiger, respiratory rate, environment temperature, humidity