Pengaruh Kadar Larutan Asam Asetat dan Suhu Reaksi Pada Proses Hidrasi dan Asetilasi Alpha Pinene dengan Katalisator Amberlyst 36

AYU PRAMITA, Prof. Ir. Arief Budiman,MS., D.Eng ; Indra Perdana,ST. , MT., Ph.D

2017 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Kimia

Terpentin indonesia mengandung 65-85% alpha pinene, 1% camphene, 1-3% beta pinene, 10-18% 3-carene dan 1-3% limonene. Untuk meningkatkan nilai jual, alpha pinene dapat diolah lebih lanjut menjadi senyawa turunannya seperti alpha terpineol dan alpha terpinyl acetate. Keduanya merupakan senyawa turunan berharga yang digunakan di industri parfum dan industri farmasi. Hidrasi merupakan reaksi antara alpha pinene dengan air menghasilkan senyawa alpha terpineol. Asetilasi merupakan reaksi antara asam asetat dengan alpha pinene yang dapat menghasilkan alpha terpinyl acetate. Penelitian ini mempelajari pengaruh kadar larutan asam asetat terhadap distribusi produk dan selektivitas alpha terpineol serta alpha terpinyl acetate. Peubah kadar larutan asam asetat yang dipelajari pada 75, 80, 85 dan 90%. Selektivitas produk alpha terpineol dan alpha terpinyl acetate menurun seiring dengan meningkatnya kadar larutan asam asetat. Selektivitas alpha terpineol dan alpha terpinyl acetate juga menurun seiring dengan bertambahnya waktu reaksi. Peubah suhu dipelajari pada suhu 60, 70, 80 dan 90°C. Konversi alpha pinene semakin besar seiring dengan naiknya suhu reaksi. Dengan asumsi reaksi reversible, hubungan suhu terhadap masing-masing konstanta laju reaksi ditentukan sesuai dengan persamaan Arrhenius.

Indonesia turpentine contains 65-85% alpha pinene, camphene 1% , 1-3% beta pinene, 3-carene 10-18% and 1-3% limonene. To increase the sale value, alpha pinene can be further processed into compound derivatives such as alpha terpineol and alpha terpinyl acetate. Both are valuable derivative compounds used in the perfume industry and the pharmaceutical industry. Hydration is the reaction between alpha pinene with water to produce compound alpha terpineol. Acetylation is a reaction between acetic acid with alpha pinene that can produce alpha terpinyl acetate. This research studied the effect of the levels of acetic acid solution for product distribution and selectivity alpha terpineol and alpha terpinyl acetate. Variable levels of acetic acid solution were studied at 75,80, 85 and 90%. Product selectivity alpha terpineol and alpha terpinyl acetate also decreased with increasing reaction time. Variables studied temperature at 60, 70, 80 and 90°C. Conversion alpha pinene is getting larger as the reasction temperature increases. Assuming a reversible reaction, the temperature relationship of each reaction rate constants determined in accordance with the Arrhenius equation.

Kata Kunci : Hydration, Acetoxylation, Alpha pinene