Hubungan Kepatuhan Mengkonsumsi Tablet Fe dengan Anemia pada Ibu Hamil

KHANSA AZMI N.J., dr.Hadianto Ismangoen.,Sp.A. dan Fitra Duhita M.Keb.

2017 | Tugas Akhir | D4 BIDAN PENDIDIK SV

Anemia ibu hamil dapat menyebabkan luaran persalinan yang buruk seperti perdarahan, gangguan pertumbuhan janin, berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) hingga kematian ibu dan bayi. Beberapa faktor penyebab anemia ibu hamil antara lain rendahnya asupan makanan tinggi protein, besi, dan rendahnya kepatuhan konsumsi tablet Fe. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kepatuhan mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dengan anemia pada ibu hamil. Metode penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional. Populasi terjangkau adalah ibu hamil trimester III di Puskesmas Pleret. Pengambilan sampel dengan consecutive sampling dan perhitungan besar sampel menggunakan rumus Slovin. Data diperoleh dari rekam medis dan hasil kuesioner MMAS-8 yang telah di sesuaikan, serta telah di uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya. Analisis data menggunakan uji Chi-Square (α=0,05). . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 19 (54,3%) ibu hamil patuh mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dan 16 (45,7) ibu hamil yang tidak patuh mengkonsumsi tablet Fe dari 35 responden. Sedangkan, 11(31,4%) ibu hamil mengalami anemia dan 24(68,6%) ibu hamil tidak mengalami anemia. Uji statistik didapatkan p value=0,004. Odds Ratio (OR) 0,092 dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Nilai C=0,194 (variabel independen dan dependen memiliki hubungan bermakna yang sangat rendah). Kepatuhan ibu hamil dalam mengkonsumsi tablet Fe, dapat mengurangi risiko kejadian anemia.

Anemia gravidarum caused poor labour such as bleeding, fetal development disorder, low birth weight until maternal and infant mortality. There were some factors that contribute to maternal anemia, such as low intake of foods with high protein, iron, and low compliance of Fe tablet consumption. This research was aimed to determine the correlation between the compliance of consuming Fe tablet and anemia gravidarum. The research method used cross sectional design. The affordable population was the third-trimester pregnant women in Puskesmas Pleret. The sampling technique used consecutive sampling and the sample size calculation was determined by using Slovin formula. The data were obtained from a medical record and the results of questionnaire MMAS-8 that had been adapted and tested in terms of its validity and reliability. The data were analyzed by using a Chi-Square Test (α=0,05). There were 35 respondents as the samples of the research. The research result shows that there were 19 (54,3%) pregnant women who comply consuming Fe tablet and 16 (45,7%) pregnant women who did not comply to consume Fe tablet. Meanwhile, 11 (31,4%) of pregnant women were anemic and 24 (68,6%) pregnant women who did not have anemia. From the statistical test, it was obtained that p value=0,004. Odds Ratio (OR) 0,092 with 95% confidence interval. C=0.440 showing that there was medium significant correlation between independent and dependent variables. Maternal compliance of consuming Fe tablet is necessary to reduce the risk of anemia gravidarum.

Kata Kunci : Kepatuhan Mengkonsumsi Tablet Fe, Anemia Kehamilan, Tablet Fe