KEARIFAN LOKAL MASYARAKAT ADAT BUGIS DALAM PENGELOLAAN SUMBER DAYA IKAN AIR TAWAR (KASUS MASYARAKAT SEKITAR DANAU TEMPE KABUPATEN WAJO PROVINSI SULAWESI SELATAN)

HARMIN ADIJAYA PUTRI, Prof. Dr. Su Ritohardoyo, MA;Prof. Dr.rer.nat Muh. Aris Marfai, M.Sc

2016 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Masyarakat adat memiliki tradisi dan kearifan lokal dalam pemanfaatan sumber daya alam sebagai bagian dari hubungan antara alam dan manusia. Penelitian ini dilakukan di desa sekitar Danau Tempe, yaitu Desa Worongnge, Salomenraleng, Pajalele, dan Limporilau Kabupaten Wajo, dengan tujuan: (1) Mengetahui dimensi sosial budaya masyarakat dan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal yang pernah dijalankan atau masih berlangsung yang dapat menunjang pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan Danau Tempe; (2)Mengetahui persepsi dan ketaatan masyarakat terhadap nilai-nilai kearifan lokal dalam pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan air tawar Danau Tempe; (3)Merekomendasikan strategi pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan Danau Tempe secara berkelanjutan dengan pemberdayaan kearifan lokal. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalahmetode survei dengan cara Proporsional Sampling Acak (proportional random sampling) dan Purposive Sampling (purposive sampling), dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat adat disekitar Danau Tempe memiliki nilai-nilai kearifan lokal terkait pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan, berupa (1) Tingkatan ide atau gagasan, meliputi larangan merusak ekosistem danau (2) Tata nilai-nilai kelakuan, meliputi larangan membuang sampah di perairan danau dan larangan berkata kasar dan takabur (3) Budaya serta adat-istiadat (custom) meliputi upacara adat Maccera tappareng. Persepsi masyarakat tertinggi terdapat di Desa Pajalele (25%), Desa Worongnge (23,80%), dan Desa Salomenraleng serta Desa Limporilau memiliki persepsi yang sama (20%), sedangkan ketataan masyarakat tertinggi terdapat di Desa Pajalele (20,83%), Desa Limporilau (17,77%), Desa Salomenraleng (16,66%), dan Desa Worongnge (14,28%).Strategi pengelolaan sumber daya perikanan Danau Tempe secara berkelanjutan dengan pemberdayaan kearifan lokal yang berbentuk normatif dijadikan sebagai peraturan tertulis atau legal formal dalam bentuk Peraturan Desa.

Indigenous peoples have the tradition and local wisdom in the utilization of natural resources as part of the relationship between nature and human. This research was conducted in the village around Tempe Lake, i.e. the village Worongnge, Salomenraleng, Pajalele, and Limporilau in Wajo Regency, with the purpose of : (1) To know the socio-cultural dimension of community and local wisdom values that ever run or still in progress that can support the management of the fisheries resources of Tempe Lake; (2) To know the perception and the obedience of the community towards local wisdom values in the management of fishery resources in Tempe Lake sustainable with empowerment of local wisdom. The research method used survey method by way Proportional Random Sampling and purposive sampling and analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. The results showed that indigenous communities surrounding Tempe Lake has local wisdom values related to fisheries resources management, in the form of (1) The level of idea or nation, includes a restriction to damage the ecosystem of the lake (2) The values of behavior including a ban on discarding the trash in the waters of the lake and the ban say rude and arrogant (3) Culture and customs includes ceremonial Maccera Tappareng. The public perception there is highest in the Pajalele Village (25%), Worongnge Village (23,80%), SalomenralengVillage and Limporilau Village have the same perception (20%). While the highest obedience society are in the Pajalele Village (20,83%), Limporilau Village (17,77%), Salomenraleng Village (16,66%), and Worongnge Village (14,28%). Strategic management of fishery resources in Tempe Lake sustainable with empowerment of local wisdom that serve as the normative form of written rules of formal legal in the form of Village Regulations.

Kata Kunci : Kearifan Lokal, Pengelolaan Sumber Daya Ikan, Danau Tempe/Local Wisdom, Management of Fish Resources, Tempe Lake