Nilai Tambah Produksi Minyak Kayu Putih di Pabrik Penyulingan Sendang Mole dan Gelaran, Balai Kesatuan Pengelolaan Hutan Yogyakarta

IKA AYU PUSPITASARI, Slamet Riyanto, S.Hut., M.Si.

2016 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Minyak kayu putih merupakan sumber pendapatan utama KPH Yogyakarta. Penyulingan minyak kayu putih menciptakan adanya nilai tambah yang didistribusikan sebagai balas jasa bagi pemilik faktor produksi. Balas jasa tersebut merupakan pendapatan bagi pemilik faktor produksi sehingga besarnya nilai tambah dapat menunjukkan peranan usaha penyulingan terhadap perekonomian masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan (1) mengidentifikasi komponen dan besaran biaya penyulingan minyak kayu putih, (2) mengestimasi besaran dan rasio nilai tambah, (3) mengetahui distribusi nilai tambah dan distribusi marjin produksi minyak kayu putih. Penelitian ini dilakukan di pabrik minyak kayu putih Sendang Mole dan Gelaran menggunakan data sekunder kegiatan produksi tahun 2015. Nilai tambah dianalisis menggunakan metode Hayami (1987). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) total biaya penyulingan di Pabrik Sendang Mole sebesar Rp 3.406.941.622/tahun dengan proporsi biaya produksi 99,78%, biaya administrasi umum 0,59%, dan biaya pemasaran 0,68%. Total biaya penyulingan di Pabrik Gelaran sebesar Rp 2.331.173.188/tahun dengan proporsi biaya produksi 71,72%, biaya administrasi umum 9,45%, dan biaya pemasaran 18,84%, (2) nilai tambah di Pabrik Sendang Mole sebesar Rp 418.013/ton daun kayu putih dan Pabrik Gelaran sebesar Rp 866.104/ton daun kayu putih, dan (3) nilai tambah di Pabrik Sendang Mole didistribusikan bagi tenaga kerja langsung sebesar 24,39% dan keuntungan 75,61%. Sementara itu, nilai tambah di Pabrik Gelaran didistribusikan untuk tenaga kerja langsung sebesar 11,77% dan keuntungan 88,23%. Distribusi marjin di Pabrik Sendang Mole bagi tenaga kerja, sumbangan input lain, dan keuntungan berturut-turut 9,32%, 61,77%, dan 28,90%. Distribusi marjin di Pabrik Gelaran untuk imbalan tenaga kerja, sumbangan input lain, dan keuntungan berturut-turut 9,36%, 20,48%, dan 70,16%.

Cajuput oil is the main source of income of Forest Management Unit of Yogyakarta. Cajuput oil refining gives an added value which distributed as recompensation for the owner of production factors. This recompensation is an income, therefore added value can describe the contribution of refining factory to economy. The aims of this research are to (1) identify the components and value of cost in cajuput oil refining factory, (2) estimate added value and added value ratio, (3) explain added value distribution and margin distribution. This research was done in Sendang Mole and Gelaran refining factory using secondary of production acitivities data in 2015. Added value was analyzed using Hayami method (1987). The important finding in this research are (1) the total cost of Sendang Mole refining factory is Rp 3.406.941.622/year with the proportion of production cost, administration cost, and marketing cost are 99,78%, 0,59%, and 0,68%. Total cost of Gelaran refining factory is Rp 2.331.173.188/year with the proportion of production cost, administration cost, and marketing cost are 71,72%, 9,45%, and 18,84%. (2) Added value in Sendang Mole is Rp 418,013/tons of cajuput leaves and added value in Gelaran is Rp 866,104/tons of cajuput leaves. (3) Added value in Sendang Mole that received by labour is 24,39% and profit is 75,61%. Meanwhile, added value in Gelaran that received by labour is 11,77% and profit is 88,23%. Margin distribution in Sendang Mole for labour, the other current input, and profit are 9,32%, 61,77%, and 28,90%. Meanwhile, the margin distribution in Gelaran for labour, the other current input, and profit are 9,36%, 20,48%, and 70,16%.

Kata Kunci : penyulingan minyak kayu putih, biaya, nilai tambah, distribusi nilai tambah, distribusi marjin