PROSEDUR PELAKSANAAN PENGUJIAN DI LABORATORIUM BALAI BESAR VETERINER WATES YOGYAKARTA ISOLASI DAN IDENTIFIKASI CLOSTRIDIUM SP

ANES AMBARWATI, Prof. drh. R. Wasito, M.Sc., Ph.D

2016 | Tugas Akhir | D3 KESEHATAN HEWAN SV

Clostridium merupakan bakteri anaerob yang berbentuk basil, Gram positif, memiliki spora, dapat hidup di air, tanah, dan di dalam saluran pencernaan hewan. Penyebaran Clostridium dapat melalui konsentrat pakan dan produk olahan pangan. Clostridium mempunyai beberapa spesies seperti Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium chauvoei, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium difficile, dan Clostridium botulinum. Prosedur isolasi dan identifikasi Clostridium sp. menggunakan uji kultur Clostridium dan pewarnaan Gram. Hasil pengecatan Gram menunjukkan warna ungu dan berbentuk basil. Hal ini dapat diidentifikasi bahwa bakteri tersebut adalah Clostridium sp. Pengambilan data diperoleh di Balai Besar Veteriner Wates, Yogyakarta adalah pada tahun 2013 enam sampel dinyatakan positif dan pada tahun 2016 tiga sampel dinyatakan positif. Clostridium sp. tidak bersifat zoonosis, tetapi Clostridium tetani dapat mengakibatkan kematian. Clostridium sp. mampu mencemari produk olahan yang dikonsumsi manusia dan konsentrat pakan yang dikonsumsi oleh hewan sehingga perlu diperhatikan kebersihan.

Clostridium is a rod-shaped anaerobic bacteria which has a large shape, Gram-positive and has spores. It can live in water, soil, and digestive tract of animals as well. The spread of Clostridium can through concentrate feed and processed food products. Clostridium has several species, such as Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium chauvoei, Clostridium tetani, Clostridium difficile, and Clostridium botulinum. The procedure of isolation and identification of Clostridium sp. are used Clostridium culture test and Gram staining. The result of Gram staining showes purple, and bacil shape. Then, it can be identified that the bacteria is Clostridium sp. Retrieval of data obtained in the Balai Besar Veteriner Wates, Yogyakarta in 2013 were six samples tested positive and in 2016, three samples tested positive. Clostridium sp. is not zoonotic, but Clostridium tetani is zoonotic that can lead to death. Clostridium sp. is able to contaminate the processed products for human consumption and concentrate feed which is consumed by animals. Therefore, the cleanliness needs to be crucial in regard to Clostridium sp.

Kata Kunci : Clostridium, anaerob, toksin, uji kultur, pewarnaan Gram