Laporkan Masalah

Hubungan antara lama perdarahan haid dengan kadar Hb, pada akseptor IUD, pil, dan non akseptor di Kota Surakarta

HANDAYANI, Siti, Prof.dr. Hamam Hadi, MS.,ScD

2006 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat (Gizi dan Kesehatan)

Latar Belakang : Recommended Dietary Allowence (RDA) untuk wanita dewasa diturunkan, kecuali Fe karena kebutuhan Fe wanita dewasa lebih banyak disebabkan perdarahan haid setiap bulan. Anemia merupakan salah satu penyebab tak langsung angka kematian ibu (AKI). Hasil penelitian terdahulu menyatakan bahwa akseptor IUD lebih banyak mengalami anemia daripada akseptor metode lainnya, disebabkan perdarahan haid pada akseptor IUD lebih banyak. Data anemia ibu hamil di kota Surakarta pada tahun 2002 mencapai 52.3%. Data BKKBN (sampai Maret 2004) didapat PUS 72.257, akseptor Spiral 16.216, akseptor Pil 10.743. Tujuan : Mengetahui hubungan lamanya perdarahan haid dan kadar Hb pada akseptor IUD, pil, dan non akseptor di kota Surakarta. Metode Penelitian : Cross-sectional studi dengan obyek penelitian adalah ibu-ibu PKK RW di Kota Surakarta dan mahasiswa kelas khusus D3 Keperawatan di Poltekkes Surakarta yang melibatkan 3 kelompok yaitu akseptor IUD, pil, dan non akseptor sebanyak 152 orang. Hasil Penelitian : Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa : rata-rata lama haid akseptor spiral 6,1 hari /siklus, Pil 4,6 hari / siklus, dan non akseptor 5,3 hari /siklus. Hasil tes Anova p<0,001. Dengan Tes Tukey didapat hasil: perbedaan lama haid antara kelompok spiral dengan Pil (Sig 0,000), antara Spiral dengan Kontrol (Sig 0,018) dan Pil dengan Kontrol (Sig 0,043). Dengan uji bivariat didapat hubungan antara lama haid dengan kadar Hb yaitu p 0,104 dan OR 1,8 (CI 95%: 0,9 – 3,6). Perbedaan kadar Hb antara akseptor IUD, Pil, dan Non Akseptor dengan tes Anova didapat nilai p 0,031. Dengan Tes Tukey didapat perbedaan antara kadar Hb kelompok Pil dan Kontrol (Sig 0,066) dan kelompok Spiral dengan Pil (Sig 0,692) sementara pada kelompok Spiral dengan Kontrol (Sig 0,005). Rata-rata kadar Hb untuk akseptor spiral 11,9gr%, pil 12,2gr%, dan non akseptor 12,9gr%. Prevalensi anemia paling tinggi pada akseptor IUD yaitu 43,9% dibandingkan dengan pil 30,4% dan non akseptor 19,3%. Kesimpulan : Ada perbedaan lama haid antara akseptor IUD, Pil, dengan Non Akseptor. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara lama haid dengan kadar Hb dan ada perbedaan kadar Hb yang signifikan antara akseptor IUD, Pil, dan Non Akseptor.

Background: Recommended Dietary Allowance for adult woman has been decreased but Fe. This related to higher Fe needs of adult woman during their monthly menstruation bleeding. Anemia is one of secondary causes of Mother Mortality Rate. Formerly research stated that IUD acceptor s suffered anemia higher than other acceptors since they got more bleeding during menstruation. Anemia in Surakarta in 2002 was 52.3%. According to BKKBN, until 2004 it showed PUS 72.257, IUD acceptors 16.216, pill acceptors 10.743. Objective: The study was proposed to know the correlation of length of menstruation bleeding with haemoglobin level among IUD, pill acceptors and non acceptors in Surakarta City. Study Design: This was cross sectional study. Subjects were 152 consisted of women member of PKK organization in all RW in Surakarta and students of Extension Program of Nursing Department, Surakarta Health Polytechnic. Subjects were divided into three groups, IUD, pill acceptors and non acceptors. Results: Length of menstruation bleeding of IUD acceptors averaged 6.1 days/cycle, pill 4.6 days/cycle and non acceptors 5.3 days/cycle. Anova test showed p<0.001. Tukey test resulted that difference of length of menstruation bleeding between IUD and pill acceptors (Sig 0.000), IUD and control (Sig 0.018), pill and control (Sig 0.043). Based on bivariate test, the correlation between length of menstruation and haemoglobin level was p-value 0.104 and OR 1.8 (Cl 95%:0.9-3.6). Based on Anova test, the difference of haemoglobin level among IUD, pill acceptors and non acceptors was 0.031. According to Tukey test, there was difference between haemoglobin level of pill group and control (Sig 0.066) and IUD group and pill (Sig 0.692) while IUD group and control (Sig 0.005). Haemoglobin level of IUD acceptors averaged 11.9gr%, pill 12.2gr% and non acceptors 12.9gr%. The highest anemia prevalence in IUD acceptors were 43.9%, pill 30.4% and non acceptors 19.3%. Conclusion: There was difference of length of menstruation bleeding among IUD, pill acceptors and non acceptors. There was no significant correlation between length of menstruation bleeding and haemoglobin level and there was significant difference of haemoglobin level among IUD, pill acceptors and non acceptors

Kata Kunci : Anemia Fe,Haid,Akseptor dan Non Akseptor


    Tidak tersedia file untuk ditampilkan ke publik.