Analisis investasi usahatani pembibitan sapi potong di Kabupaten Sleman

EMAWATI, Shanti, Dr.Ir. Rini Widiati, MS

2008 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Peternakan

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kelayakan finansial investasi usahatani pembibitan sapi potong, menentukan kondisi finansial peternak dengan adanya perubahan harga anak berdasarkan umur penjualan dan menentukan break even point (BEP). Penelitian dilaksanakan mulai bulan Januari sampai dengan Mei 2007 dengan lokasi di Kabupaten Sleman. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah survei untuk mengumpulkan data primer dari responden dan data sekunder dari dinas terkait. Responden diambil secara purposive sampling. Analisis kelayakan finansial investasi usahatani pembibitan sapi potong menggunakan kriteria investasi benefit cost ratio (BCR), net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR) dan payback period (PPC) berdasarkan umur investasi 7 tahun dengan discount factor 12%/tahun. Menentukan kondisi finansial peternak dengan adanya perubahan harga anak berdasarkan umur penjualan menggunakan analisis sensitivitas. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa usahatani pembibitan sapi potong pada kondisi peternak di Kabupaten Sleman layak untuk diusahakan dengan nilai kelayakan terbaik adalah jenis sapi Peranakan Limousine, selanjutnya Peranakan Simmental dan PO. Payback period usahatani pembibitan sapi Peranakan Simmental, Peranakan Limousine dan PO berturut-turut adalah 3,44 tahun, 3,25 tahun dan 5,19 tahun. Nilai BEP berdasarkan kondisi peternak pada sapi Peranakan Simmental, PO dan Peranakan Limousine berturut-turut sebesar 8, 9 dan 7 ekor induk. Hasil analisis sensitivitas dengan asumsi ada perbaikan manajemen sehingga calving interval 15 bulan dan umur penjualan pedet 18 bulan pada sapi Peranakan Simmental, PO dan Peranakan Limousine dapat meningkatkan NPV berturut-turut sebesar 19%, 45% dan 21%. Ditinjau dari nilai payback period lebih lama karena ada penundaan umur penjualan pedet dari 7 bulan menjadi 18 bulan.

The research was conducted to determine the feasibility of financial investment on beef cattle farming, investigate financial condition of farmers when the calf price was adjusted to sold age and calculate the Break Even Point (BEP). Research was done from January to May 2007, located in Sleman District. Survey methods was done to collect primary data at the farm level and secondary data from related institution. Purposive sampling was applied to sellect farmers’ respondent. Criteria used to analyze the feasibility of financial investment were consisted of Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR), Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR) and Payback Period (PPC), based on 7 years investment and 12% annual discount factor. Sensitivity analysis was applied to determine financial condition of the farmers when the price of calf was adjusted based on selling age. Break Even Point analysis was used to determine impact point of beef cattle breeding farm. The result showed that based on NPV, IRR, BCR and payback period analysis, the most feasible investment of beef cattle breeding farm under farmers’ condition was achieved when farmers keep Limousine grade cattle, followed by Simmental and Ongole grade cattle. In term of payback period, farmers who keep Limousine grade cattle were able to return the investment during 3.25 years while for Simmental and Ongole grade cattle were 3.44 and 5.19 years, respectively. The BEP of keeping Simmental, Limousine and Ongole grade cattle were 8, 9 and 7 cows per farmer, respectively, which mean that farmers will annually benefited from keeping cattle when the number of cows was larger than those of BEP. Based on the assumption that management of cattle, i.e. calving interval could be improved up to 15 months and 18 months of calf selling age, the sensitivity analysis showed that the NPV of Simmental, Ongole and Limousine grade cattle were 19%, 45% and 21% respectively, however, longer time of payback period will be achieved due to selling age of calf postponed from 7 months into 18 months.

Kata Kunci : Isahatani,Pembibitan Sapi Potong,Analisis Investasi, Cattle breeding farm, Investment analysis, Sensitivity analysis, BEP