Daya Dukung Kawasan Pemanfaatan Wisata Alam Di Resort Camp Leakey Taman Nasional Tanjung Puting

REZKY PUTRI HARISANTI, Dr. Much Taufik Tri Hermawan, SHut, M.Si.

2019 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Pemanfaatan wisata alam di kawasan konservasi memberikan manfaat dan tantangan. Wisata alam Resort Camp Leakey merupakan destinasi populer yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya jumlah wisatawan setiap tahunnya. Pengelolaan wisata alam Resort Camp Leakey selayaknya memperhatikan kemampuan kawasan sehingga perlu dilakukan pengukuran daya dukung untuk mengoptimalkan manfaat, tanpa mengabaikan kualitas lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan informasi daya dukung di jalur tracking hutan, area feeding ground orangutan, dan dermaga kelotok sebagai pertimbangan dalam merumuskan pengelolaan dalam pemanfaatan wisata alam di Resort Camp Leakey. Penelitian dilakukan pada bulan Februari hingga Maret 2019. Sampel wisatawan diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling. Luas area pemanfaatan wisata alam diukur langsung dan diolah menggunakan sistem informasi geografis (SIG). Analisis daya dukung yang digunakan berdasarkan metode Cifuentes (1992), yaitu dengan menghitung daya dukung fisik dengan mempertimbangkan jarak kenyamanan antar wisatawan, daya dukung riil dengan mempertimbangkan faktor koreksi flora, faktor koreksi fauna, faktor koreksi perilaku orangutan, faktor koreksi kebisingan, dan faktor koreksi curah hujan, serta dan daya dukung efektif dengan mempertimbangkan kapasitas pengelolaan berupa ketersediaan petugas wisata. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung fisik di wisata Camp Leakey antara lain jalur tracking hutan sebesar 415 orang/hari, feeding ground orangutan 35 orang/hari, dermaga pengelola (lama) 150 orang/hari, dan dermaga wisatawan (baru) 500 orang/hari. Daya dukung riil jalur tracking hutan sebanyak 220 orang/hari, feeding ground orangutan 19 orang/hari, dermaga pengelola (lama) 46 orang/hari, dan dermaga wisatawan (baru) 154 orang/hari. Daya dukung efektif jalur tracking hutan sebanyak 183 orang/hari, feeding ground orangutan 16 orang/hari, dermaga pengelola (lama) 38 orang/hari, dan dermaga wisatawan (baru) 128 orang/hari. Nilai daya dukung fisik, daya dukung riil, maupun daya dukung efektif sudah terlampaui apabila dibandingkan dengan rerata wisatawan harian sebesar 165 orang/hari.

Natural tourism in protected areas provide benefits and challenges. Resort Camp Leakey is a popular destination that is characterized by an increasing number on visitation every year. Management of Resort Camp Leakey's natural tourism should pay attention to regional capabilities so that measurement of carrying capacity is needed to optimize the benefits, without neglecting environmental quality.This research purpose to provide information about carrying capacity of forest tracking trail, orangutan feeding area, and kelotok dock as a consideration in formulating management in utilizing natural tourism at Camp Leakey Resort. This research was conducted from February to March 2019. Tourist samples were taken by purposive sampling technique. The area of utilization of natural tourism is measured directly and processed using geographic information systems (GIS). The carrying capacity analysis is based on the Cifuentes Methode (1992), consist of calculating physical carrying capacity by consider the comfort distance between tourists, real carrying capacity by consider plant correction factors, wild animal correction factors, orangutan behavior correction factors, noise correction factors, and rainfall correction factors, also effective carrying capacity by consider management capacity in the form of tourist officers availability. The results showed that the physical carrying capacity of Resort Camp Leakey tours included forest tracking trail of 415 visitors/day, orangutan feeding ground 35 visitors/day, management dock 150 visitors/day, and tourist dock 500 visitors/day . The real carrying capacity of the forest tracking trail is 220 visitors/day, orangutan feeding ground 19 visitors/day, management dock 46 visitors/day, and tourist dock 154 visitors/day. The effective carrying capacity of the forest tracking trail is 183 visitors/day, orangutan feeding ground 16 visitors/day, management dock 38 visitors/day, and tourist dock 128 visitors/day. The value of physical carrying capacity, real carrying capacity, and effective carrying capacity has been exceeded when compared with the average daily tourist of 165 people / day.

Kata Kunci : Camp Leakey, daya dukung, orangutan, wisata alam;