Peran Literasi Digital dan Mediasi Orangtua Terhadap Durasi Bermain Video Game Anak Prasekolah

UMMI KHOLIFAH, Supra Wimbarti, M.Sc., P.hD.

2018 | Tesis | S2 Psikologi Profesi

Bermain game dan menonton video adalah aktivitas yang paling populer dilakukan oleh anak usia prasekolah. Sejumlah keprihatinan muncul dari dampak negatif penggunaan video game seperti kekerasan, cybercrime, pornografi dan video game addiction. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pendekatan kuantitatif (survey) dengan menggunakan skala literasi digital, skala mediasi orangtua dan kuisioner penggunaan video game anak prasekolah. Data di analisis dengan menggunakan teknik regresi berganda. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 111 orangtua anak usia 4-6 tahun yang bermain video game. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa literasi digital dan mediasi orangtua secara bersama-sama dapat memprediksi durasi bermain video game anak prasekolah (F=5.910, p<0.05) dengan pengaruh sebesar 9.9 %. Keterampilan literasi digital justru berhubungan dengan tingginya durasi bermain video game pada anak (B=0.740, p<0.05) dengan pengaruh sebesar 9.6 %. Sedangkan, mediasi orangtua tidak terbukti berhubungan dengan rendahnya durasi bermain video game pada anak (B=-0.431, p>0.05) karena hanya memiliki pengaruh sebesar 0.3 %. Hasil penelitian mengungkap bahwa kemampuan instrumental, kemampuan mengevaluasi informasi dan kemampuan sosial berhubungan dengan peningkatan durasi bermain video game pada anak. Sedangkan, kemampuan menghasilkan informasi berhubungan dengan penurunan durasi bermain video game.

Playing games and watching videos are popular activities among pre-school children. Concerns arise from the negative impact of video game on psychological development and mental health of children such as violence, cybercrime, pornography and video game addiction. The main objective of this research is to explore the role of digital literacy and parental mediation toward the duration of video games playing in pre-school children. This research uses quantitative approach (survey) method, using digital literacy scale, parental mediation scale and questionnaire of video game playing on pre-school children. Data were analyzed with multiple regression technique. Respondents were 111 parents of children aged 4-6 years who play video games. The results proved that digital literacy and parental mediation together can predict the video games playing duration of preschool children (F = 5.910, p <0.05) with an influence of 9.9%. The research findings indicated that digital literacy skills are related to the childrens high video games playing duration (B = 0.740, p <0.05) with an influence of 9.6%. On the other hand, parental mediation was not proven to be associated with childrens low video games playing duration (B = -0.431, p> 0.05) because it only had an influence of 0.3%. The results also revealed that the instrumental skills, information evaluation skills and social skills were all associated with an increase in the video games playing duration on children. While, the ability to produce information proved to be associated with a decrease in the video games playing duration.

Kata Kunci : literasi digital, mediasi orangtua dan durasi bermain video game anak prasekolah