PELATIHAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL PADA PENDIDIK SEBAYA DALAM PROGRAM HARM REDUCTION

Wara Rahmawati, Prof. Dr. M. Noor Rochman Hadjam, SU., Psi.

2012 | Tesis | S2 Magister Profesi Psikologi

Jumlah kasus HIV AIDS di Indonesia secara kumulatif tercatat 24.482 kasus hingga Maret 2011. Harm Reduction sebagai strategi nasional menanggulangi penularan HIV-AIDS akibat penyalahgunaan NAPZA, menerapkan komunikasi, informasi, dan edukasi (KIE) sebagai program prevensi. Program KIE salah satunya dilakukan oleh pendidik sebaya kepada remaja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas pelatihan komunikasi dalam meningkatkan kemampuan komunikasi interpersonal pada pendidik sebaya. Partisipan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendidik sebaya usia 12-14 tahun, duduk di bangku SMP kelas VIII. Penelitian diikuti oleh 18 orang pendidik sebaya yang terbagi menjadi kelompok kontrol dan eksperimen dari 2 sekolah berbeda. Rancangan eksperimen menggunakan desain the untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples, dengan follow up. Instrument pengukuran menggunakan skala komunikasi interpersonal sebanyak 30 aitem, dengan koefisien alpha 0,865. Analisis data kuantitatif menggunakan nonparametrik Mann Whitney Test. Analisis data kualitatif dari hasil observasi dan wawancara. Hasil analisis kuantitatif gain score kelompok eksperimen dan kontrol menunjukkan ada perbedaan signifikan yaitu nilai Z = -2,304 dengan taraf signifikansi (p) 0,020 (p<0,05).

The number of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia is cumulatively registered to be 24.482 cases up until March 2011. Harm Reduction is a national strategy to ward off HIV/AIDS infection due to drug and alcohol abuse and to apply communication, information, and education (CIE) as a prevention program. Peer educators carry out CIE program. The purpose of the study was to examine the effectiveness of communication training in improving interpersonal communication skill among peer educators. Participants of the study were peer educators who were 12-14 years old and were in second grade of Junior High School. Participants were 18 peer educators from different schools who were assigned into two groups: experiment and control group. The design of the study was the untreated control group design with dependent pretest and posttest samples with follow up. The measurement instrument used was interpersonal communication scale consisted of 30 items, with alpha coefficient of 0,865. The analysis of quantitative data used non parametric Mann Whitney test. Qualitative data consisted of results from observation and interview was also analyzed. The gain score of experiment and control groups showed significant difference with Z score = -2,304 and (p) 0,020 (p<0,05).

Kata Kunci : HIV AIDS, komunikasi interpersonal, Harm Reduction, pendidik sebaya