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Experimental and Numerical Study on The Performance Evaluation of A Liquid-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (LLCC) for Oil and Water Separation

Irfan Aditya Dharma, Dr.Eng. Adhika Widyaparaga, S.T., M.Biomed.E.; Indro Pranoto, S.T., M.Eng., Ph.D.

2016 | Tesis | S2 Teknik Mesin

Sampai saat ini fenomena aliran vortex telah menjadi daya tarik tersendiri bagi para ilmuwan dalam kurun waktu satu abad terakhir. Seiring dengan berkembangnya teknologi industri yang sangat pesat, saat ini banyak peralatan industri yang muncul dengan pemanfaatan aliran vortex. Salah satunya adalah hydrocyclones separator. Alat ini saat ini sangat populer dan banyak digunakan daripada separator konvensional seperti gravity-based dan vessel-type separator karena memiliki beberapa keunggulan seperti berat yang ringan, biaya rendah, tidak ada bagian yang bergerak, pengoperasian yang mudah, dan efisiensi pemisahan yang tinggi. Karena beberapa keunggulan tersebut hydrocyclones banyak digunakan di beberapa bidang seperti mineral, kimia, tekstil, farmasi dan industri petrokimia. Sampai saat ini pengembangan hydrocyclones terus dilakukan untuk mendapatkan performa yang optimum terutama untuk sistem campuran air dan minyak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui fenomena pemisahan air dan minyak tanah (kerosene) serta kinerja pada Liquid-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (LLCC). Hasil baik dari data eksperimen maupun data simulasi numerik telah disajikan. Karakteristik umum dari proses pemisahan dan perilaku aliran dalam LLCC telah disajikan dalam metode kualitatif (visualisasi) dan kuantitatif (pengukuran sampel). Telah dilakukan serangkaian eksperimen untuk variasi parameter pengoperasian seperti kecepatan aliran masuk, split-ratio, dan konsentrasi volume minyak di inlet. Untuk memahami detail proses pemisahan air dan minyak, perilaku aliran dalam LLCC, dan distribusi fasa dalam LLCC, dilakukan simulasi numerik. Teknik Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) diaplikasikan untuk mensimulasikan aliran air dan minyak dalam LLCC dengan mixture model (Euler-Euler approach) untuk model multifasa dan Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) untuk model turbulensi. Melalui simulasi numerik, medan aliran multifasa dicapai dan parameter pengoperasian diteliti pada pengaruhnya terhadap performa pemisahan. Prediksi dari simulasi CFD menunjukkan good agreement dengan hasil eksperimen.

Nowadays, the phenomena of vortex flow have been the main concern for researchers in the period of the last century. Along the development of industrial technology, currently many emerging industrial equipment with the use of vortex flow. One of them is hydrocyclones separator. This separator is currently very popular and more widely used than conventional separators such as gravity-based and vessel-type separator because it has several advantages such as light weight, low cost, no moving parts, easy operation, and high separation efficiency. Because of those advantages, hydrocyclones are widely used in several fields such as minerals, chemicals, textile, pharmaceutical and petrochemical industries. The development of hydrocyclones continues to gain the maximum performance systems mainly for oil and water mixture. This study aims to determine the phenomena of oil-water separation and the separation performance of the Liquid-Liquid Cylindrical Cyclone (LLCC). An experimental runs has been designed and commissioned, and results from both experiments and numerical simulations are presented. General characteristics of separation process and flow behaviour in the LLCC were explained in the form of qualitative observation and quantitative explanation. For the experimental runs, the LLCC was tested under a wide range of operating parameters such as inlet mixture velocity, split-ratio, and different inlet oil volumetric concentration. The acquired data include the underflow watercut and overflow oil volume fraction. Data analysis reveals that the LLCC can be used successfully for bulk separation of oil and water mixture, with the value of watercut and oil volume fraction up to 99%. In order to further understand the detailed process of the oil-water separation, flow behaviour in the LLCC, and the phase distribution in the LLCC, numerical simulations were carried out. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) technique is applied to simulate the oil-water flow in the LLCC with the mixture model (Euler-Euler approach) for multiphase model and the Reynolds Stress Model (RSM) for turbulence model. Through numerical simulation, the multiphase flow field is achieved and other operation parameters are studied on the influence of the separation performance. Predictions of the CFD simulations showing good agreement with the experimental data.

Kata Kunci : LLCC, optimum split-ratio, inlet mixture velocity, inlet oil volumetric concentration, split-ratio, watercut, oil volume fraction

  1. S2-2016-375519-abstract.pdf  
  2. S2-2016-375519-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S2-2016-375519-title.pdf