PENGARUH PERAWATAN ORTODONSI CEKAT TAHAP ALIGNMENT PADA MALOKLUSI ANGLE KLAS I BERJEJAL RINGAN TERHADAP VOLUME CAVUM ORIS DAN FREKUENSI PENGUCAPAN FONEM /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ DALAM MORFEM

OLIVIA TRIFINA NGO, drg. Rinaldi Budi Utomo, M.S., Sp. KGA(K); Drg. Putri Kusuma Wardani Mahendra, M.Kes., Sp. KGA(K)

2014 | Tesis-Spesialis | SP ILMU KESEHATAN GIGI ANAK

Gigi berjejal mempengaruhi estetika, penampilan, mengganggu fungsi pengunyahan, penelanan dan pengucapan. Perawatan ortodonsi cekat dapat mengkoreksi gigi berjejal, mengubah ukuran lengkung gigi, oklusi serta relasi. Lengkung gigi, lengkung alveolar dan lengkung basal, tinggi palatum ke dasar mulut merupakan bagian dari dimensi cavum oris. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perawatan ortodonsi cekat tahap alignment pada maloklusi Angle klas I berjejal ringan terhadap volume cavum oris dan frekuensi pengucapan fonem /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ dalam morfem. Penelitian eksperimental semu dengan rancangan penelitian one group pre-test dan post test design, dilakukan pada 10 anak usia 12-13 tahun. Pengukuran volume cavum oris dan frekuensi pengucapan fonem /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ dalam bentuk morfem dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah tahap alignment, Untuk melihat perbedaan volume cavum oris dan frekuensi pengucapan sebelum dan sesudah tahap alignment dianalisis dengan uji Paired t-test.. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna volume cavum oris dan frekuensi pengucapan fonem /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ antara sebelum dan sesudah tahap alignment (p<0,05). Tahap alignment meningkatkan volume cavum oris dan menurunkan frekuensi pengucapan fonem /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/. Disimpulkan perawatan ortodonsi cekat taha alignment pada maloklusi Angle klas I berjejal ringan meningkatkan volume cavum oris dan menurunkan frekuensi pengucapan fonem /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ dalam morfem.

Crowding affects aesthetics, performance, function of mastication, swallowing and speech. Treatment with fixed orthodontic appliances can correct crowding, changing the size of the dental arch and malocclusion and malrelation. Dental arch, alveolar arch and basal arch, high palate to the base of mouth is part of the cavum oris dimension. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of fixed orthodontic treatment on alignment phase in Angle class I malocclusion with mild crowding case to cavum oris volume and speech frequency of phonemes /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ in morpheme. Quasi-experimental research with one group pre-test and post-test design, was performed in 10 children aged 12-13 years. Measurements of oral cavity and speech frequency of phonemes /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ in morpheme were taken before and after the alignment. Data were analyzed by Paired t-test. The results showed there were significant difference cavum oris volume and speech frequency of phonemes /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ between before and after alignment of fixed orthodontic treatment, on Angle Class I malocclusion with mild crowding case (p <0.05). Alignment phase increasing volume of cavum oris and decreasing speech frequency of phonemes /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/. The results concluded that orthodontic treatment on alignment phase in Angle class I malocclusion with mild crowding case increasing volume of cavum oris and decreasing speech frequency of phonemes /t/, /d/, /s/, /i/, /u/ in morphem.

Kata Kunci : volume cavum oris, pengucapan, frekuensi, fonem, vokal, konsonan, alignment, ortodonsi cekat