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AKTIVITAS ANTIVIRUS EKSTRAK AIR Streptomyces sp. GMY01 TERHADAP VIRUS AVIAN INFLUENZA H5N1

VEGA FELICIA TOBING, Dr. biol. hom. Nastiti Wijayanti, S.Si., M.Si.

2015 | Skripsi | BIOLOGI

Flu burung atau Avian Influenza (AI) adalah suatu penyakit menular yang disebabkan oleh virus influenza yang ditularkan oleh unggas. Genus Streptomyces mampu memproduksi enzim ekstraseluler dan ribuan metabolit sekunder yang dapat disintesis menjadi herbisida, pestisida, antivirus, dan antibiotik lainnya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mempelajari potensi ekstrak air Streptomyces sp. GMY01 sebagai antivirus AI H5N1. Aktivitas antivirus ini diuji dengan menginokulasi virus AI H5N1 clade 2.3.2 dan ekstrak air Streptomyces sp. GMY01 konsentrasi 125, 250, 500, dan 1000 mikrogram/ml ke dalam telur Specific Antibody Negative (SAN) berembrio umur 9-11 hari dengan variasi volume pengenceran virus dimulai dari EID50. Inkubasi dilakukan selama 2-5 hari. Cairan alantois diuji haemagglutinasi (HA) kualitatif dan kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mengamati aktivitas haemagglutinasi antigen H terhadap sel darah merah. Real time RT-PCR dikerjakan untuk mengetahui efek penghambatan replikasi virus oleh ekstrak air Streptomyces sp. GMY01. Hasil uji aktivitas HA yang didapat menunjukkan ekstrak air Streptomyces sp. GMY01 berpotensi menghambat pertumbuhan virus pada konsentrasi 500 dan 1000 mikrogram/ml. Berdasarkan hasil real-time RT-PCR, ekstrak Streptomyces sp. GMY01 konsentrasi 500 mikrogram/ml memiliki threshold cycle (CT) yang negatif, menandakan tidak terdapat virus pada konsentrasi tersebut. Hasil real time RT-PCR pada penelitian ini hanya dapat menunjukkan konsentrasi yang lebih tinggi terhadap kontrol (+) PCR yang digunakan dan belum dapat disimpulkan adanya penghambatan replikasi virus.

Bird flu or Avian Influenza (AI) is an infectious disease caused by influenza viruses that are transmitted by birds. Genus Streptomyces can produce extracellular enzymes and thousands of secondary metabolites that can be synthesized into herbicides, pesticides, antivirals, and another antibiotics. This research was aimed to study the potential of water extracts of Streptomyces sp. GMY01 as an antiviral for AI H5N1. This antiviral activity was evaluated by inoculating AI H5N1 virus clade 2.3.2 and water extracts of Streptomyces sp. GMY01 with concentrations of 125, 250, 500, and 1000 mikrogram/ml in 9-11 days old Specific Antibody Negative (SAN) embryonated chicken eggs with dilution volume of virus starts from EID50. Incubation was done for 2-5 days. Allantoic fluid was tested by using qualitative and quantitative haemagglutination (HA) that intend to watch haemagglutination activities between H antigen and red blood cells. Real-time RT-PCR was used to determine the virus replication inhibitor of water extracts of Streptomyces sp. GMY01. The result of HA activity showed potential viral growth inhibition at 500 and 1000 mikrogram/ml of water extracts of Streptomyces sp. GMY01. Based on real-time RT-PCR results, water extracts of Streptomyces sp. GMY01 at concentration 500 mikrogram/ml has negative threshold cycle (CT), that means there is no virus in that concentration. In this experiment, real time RT-PCR results only showed higher viral concentration of sample compare the PCR control (+) and can not be concluded for inhibition of viral replication.

Kata Kunci : Antivirus, Avian Influenza, H5N1, HA, Streptomyces sp. GMY01

  1. S1-2015-316164-abstract.pdf  
  2. S1-2015-316164-bibliography.pdf  
  3. S1-2015-316164-tableofcontent.pdf  
  4. S1-2015-316164-title.pdf