Perbaikan Assessment Form dan Rekomendasi Perbaikan Fasilitas Terhadap Aksesibilitas di Taman Pintar

FITRIA NOVALITA, Ir. Rini Dharmastiti, M.Sc., Ph.D

2015 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK INDUSTRI

Kaum difabel masih belum mendapatkan kesetaraan hak sebagaimana disebutkan pada peraturan yang berlaku. Ketersediaan aksesibilitas pada fasilitas umum termasuk di Yogyakarta masih kurang diperhatikan. Sebagai kota wisata dan pelajar, aksesibilitas wahana wisata edukasi seperti Taman Pintar perlu dievaluasi. Untuk mengevaluasi fasilitas umum bagi difabel, sudah terdapat suatu alat berbentuk assessment form yang belum pernah diimplementasikan di luar gedung Jurusan Teknik Mesin dan Industri UGM dan UIN Yogyakarta. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan penilaian usabilitas terhadap assessment form tersebut saat diimplementasikan di gedung lain, dengan mengambil objek fasilitas di Taman Pintar Yogyakarta untuk dievaluasi. Penelitian ini terdiri dari beberapa tahapan. Pertama, penilaian usabilitas assessment form dengan menggunakan metode kuesioner dan wawancara. Untuk mengevaluasi assessment form juga dilakukan screening atau pengkajian ulang pertanyaan terhadap persyaratan pada Permen PU No. 30/PRT/M/2006. Subjek penelitian berupa expert user yang terdiri dari dua orang pengelola Taman Pintar dari subdivisi Sarana dan Prasarana. Tahapan berikutnya adalah evaluasi fasilitas terhadap aksesibilitas di Taman Pintar dengan metode observasi yang mengacu pada assessment form. Pengambilan data dilakukan oleh subjek penelitian dengan melakukan pengisian assessment form berdasarkan observasi yang telah dilakukan. Dari hasil evaluasi dan penilaian usabilitas, diketahui bahwa assessment form memiliki kriteria perhitungan skor yang sulit dilakukan, penggunaan istilah atau kalimat yang kurang detail dan jelas, serta penulisan pernyataan yang kurang sesuai dengan Permen PU No. 30/PRT/M/2006. Perbaikan assessment form dilakukan dengan cara pengubahan scoring untuk skala jawaban, penambahan gambar pendukung seperti gambar pengukuran objek/fasilitas, penambahan dan pengubahan kalimat atau istilah yang dipakai, dan penghapusan pertanyaan yang ambigu dan kurang sesuai dengan Permen PU No. 30/PRT/M/2006. Dari hasil evaluasi fasilitas terhadap aksesibilitas di Taman Pintar, didapatkan skor akhir sebesar 206.44 yang dapat diartikan bahwa aksesibilitas di Taman Pintar tergolong cukup. Fasilitas wastafel merupakan satu-satunya fasilitas yang mendapatkan skor maksimal sehingga tidak memerlukan perbaikan. Sedangkan fasilitas jalur pemandu, area parkir khusus difabel, dan tempat mandi khusus difabel mendapatkan skor 0 karena fasilitas tersebut tidak tersedia di Taman Pintar. Dengan demikian, rekomendasi perbaikan dilakukan pada kesepuluh fasilitas yang terdiri dari jalur pedestrian, jalur pemandu, area parkir khusus difabel, pintu, ramp, toilet khusus difabel, tempat mandi khusus difabel, rambu, tangga, dan lift.

Disabled people still do not obtain equal rights as stated in the regulations. Availability of accessibility to public facilities, including in Yogyakarta has not gained much attention. As both a tourist and education town, accessibility of educational tourism objects such as Taman Pintar Yogyakarta needs to be evaluated. To evaluate public facilities for the disabled, there is an instrument built in the form of assessment form that have never been implemented outside Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering UGM and UIN Yogyakarta. Therefore, usability testing of assessment form needs to be implemented in another public facilities, by taking the object of the facilities at Taman Pintar Yogyakarta to be evaluated. This study consists of several stages. First, usability testing of assessment form using questionnaires and interviews. Besides both methods, assessment form evaluation is also conducted by reviewing the questions toward requirements on Permen PU No. 30/PRT/M/2006. The subject of this study are expert users that consist of two employees of Infrastructure Subdivision of Taman Pintar. The next stage is accessibility evaluation of the facilities at Taman Pintar by observation method which refers to the assessment form. Data collection was performed by the research subjects by filling the assessment form based on observations that have been made. The results of usability testing and evaluation inform us that assessment form has a score criteria that is difficult to calculate, the use of terms or phrases that are less detailed and clear, as well as written statements that are not relevant to Permen PU No. 30/PRT/M/2006. Improvement of assessment form is done by changing the way of scoring, adding supporting images such as image measurement objects or facilities, adding or modifying the used sentences or terms, and removing statements that are ambiguous and not in accordance with Permen PU No.30/PRT/M/2006. The results of accessibility evaluation of the facilities at Taman Pintar are final score of 206.44, which means that accessibility in Taman Pintar is in middle range. Washbasin facility is the only facility that has a maximum score so it does not require repairment. Meanwhile, the guide track facilities, parking area for the disabled, and shower for the disabled get a score of 0 because such facilities are not available at Taman Pintar. Thus, recommendations for improvements are designed for the tenth facility that consist of pedestrian path, guiding blocks, disabled parking area, doors, ramps, disabled toilets, disabled showers, signs, stairs, and elevators.

Kata Kunci : alat evaluasi, assessment form, aksesibilitas, difabel, Taman Pintar Yogyakarta / evaluation instrument, assessment form, accessibility, disabled, Taman Pintar Yogyakarta