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Perancangan campuran aspal panas (Hot Mix Asphalt) dengan metode tes pemadatan kering menggunakan agregat alam

NUGRAENI, Sri, Dr.Ir. Latif Budi Suparma, M.Sc

2005 | Tesis | Magister Sistem dan Teknik Transportasi

Pada perkembangan pekerjaan konstruksi jalan, penggunaan agregat pecah dalam campuran agregat aspal panas perlu dipertimbangkan sebagai konstruksi yang mahal. Alternatif penggunaan agregat alam tanpa dipecah yang mampu mendukung beban lalulintas dan ekonomis perlu diusahakan. Kekuatan penyusunan gradasi agregat alam dapat meningkatkan stabilitas campuran. Perancangan gradasi campuran dengan agregat alam yang berasal dari Way Warkuk Kabupaten Lampung Barat dilakukan dengan menggunakan konsep pemadatan kering untuk mencapai porositas target, sehingga tersusun variasi ukuran agregat yang mempunyai bidang sentuh dan saling kunci dengan optimal. Berbagai fraksi agregat dipisahkan oleh berbagai variasi saringan. Fraksi agregat A (ukuran 12,7-19,1 mm), agregat B (ukuran 9,52-12,7 mm), agregat C (ukuran 4,76-9,52 mm), agregat D (ukuran 2,38-4,76 mm) dan agregat E (ukuran 0,074- 2,38 mm). Filler menggunakan semen Portland kadar 7%. Gradasi dan hasil yang dituju sesuai dengan spesifikasi teknis Kimpraswil tahun 2002. Pengujian utama yang dilakukan dalam penelitian adalah uji pemadatan kering untuk menyusun gradasi, uji Marshall, uji Cantabro untuk mengetahui besarnya keausan akibat impact, dan wheel tracking test untuk uji deformasi permanen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, komposisi agregat dari uji pemadatan kering menggunakan agregat alam menuju pada gradasi HRS-BC dengan porositas terendah 32,34%. Nilai stabilitas campuran diperoleh sebesar 882 kg (stabilitas campuran agregat pecah 1288 kg), kadar aspal 8%, flow 4,0 mm (flow campuran agregat pecah 3,37mm), Marshall Quotient 221 kg/mm (Marshall Quotient campuran agregat pecah 383 kg/mm). Dari uji Cantabro diperoleh nilai kehilangan berat 1,61%. Dari uji wheel tracking kondisi kering diperoleh nilai dynamic stability sebesar 2316 lintasan/ mm dan rate of deformation sebesar 0,03 mm/menit. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa konstruksi HRS-BC yang sepenuhnya menggunakan agregat alam dari Way Warkuk Kabupaten Lampung Barat mempunyai ketahanan yang baik terhadap impact dan dapat digunakan pada volume lalulintas maksimal 1 juta ESA (rendah dan sedang).

In the development of road construction work, the utilization of crushed aggregate in hot asphalt aggregate mix is required to be reconsidered more because of its expenses. Therefore, the application of uncrushed natural aggregate which is economic and able to hold out traffic load could be the an alternative of a prospective material. As a consideration, the strength of the natural aggregate gradation composition may increase the mixture stability. The design of mixture gradation with natural aggregate originated from Way Warkuk in West Lampung Regency was held by applying dry compaction concept to get the target porosity so that it can compose a variation of aggregate size which had a contact surface and locks each other optimally. Various aggregate fractions were separated by different sieves. There were five fractions namely fraction of Aggregate A (with 12.7 – 19.1 mm size), aggregate B (9.52 – 12.7 mm), aggregate C (4.76 – 9.52 mm), aggregate D (2.38 – 4.76 mm) and aggregate E (0.074 – 2.38 mm). The filler used in this research was Portland cement with 7 % content. The target gradation and aimed result was in accordance to the technical spesification of The Department of Public Work in 2002. The main tests held in this research was dry compaction test methode to compose the gradation, Marshall test, Cantabro test to figure out the magnitude of loss caused by impact, and wheel tracking test for determining the permanent deformation. The result of this research shows that the composition of aggregate from dry compaction test methode using natural aggregate approaches to HRS-BC gradation with the lowest porosity of which is 32.34%. The value of obtained mixture stability was 882 kg (whilst the mixture stability of crushed aggregate is 1288 kg), 8 % asphalt content and 221 kg/mm Marshall Quotient (the Marshall Quiotient of crushed aggregate was 383 kg/mm). From Cantabro test, the obtained weight loss value was 1.61 % while the dynamic stability of wheel tracking test in dry condition was 2,316 passes/mm and the rate of deformation was 0.03 mm/minute. This fact shows that the HRS-BC construction which is fully used natural aggregate from Way Warkuk, West Lampung has a good resistance to impact and can be used for maximum traffic volume of 1 million ESA (low and medium traffic).

Kata Kunci : Aspal Panas,Agregat Alam,Pemadatan Kering,natural aggregate, dry compaction test methode, HRS-BC


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