ANALISIS KELAYAKAN USAHATANI DAN KESEJAHTERAAN PETANI PADA PERTANIAN INTENSIF DAN AGROFORESTRI DI DAERAH TANGKAPAN AIR (DTA) DI SUB DAS MERAWU HULU

NURUL DWI RIANA ASTUTI, Prof. Dr. Ir Sahid Susanto, MS, Dr. Ngadisih, STP, M.Sc

2018 | Skripsi | S1 TEKNIK PERTANIAN

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui tingkat pendapatan petani, tingkat kelayakan usahatani, dan tingkat kesejahteraan petani terkait penerapan pertanian intensif dan agroforestri. Penelitian ini dilakukan di sub DAS Merawu atau hulu DAS Serayu. Skala sub DAS diperkecil ke skala Daerah Tangkapan Air (DTA). DTA pertanian intensif berada di Desa Penanggungan Kecamatan Wanayasa, sedangkan DTA Agroforestri berlokasi Desa Leksana Kecamatan Karangkobar. Luas kedua DTA ± 25 ha. Bahan penelitian berupa data mengenai kebutuhan sarana produksi, hasil produksi pertanian, luas lahan yang dimiliki petani, pola tanam dan tanaman yang dibudidayakan, dan data kesejahteraan petani berdasarkan indikator Badan Pusat Stastistik. Tingkat pendapatan dihitung berdasarkan total penerimaan dan total biaya produksi. Kelayakan usahatani dianalisis dengan pendekatan rasio R/C. Dilakukan pula prediksi kelayakan usahatani dengan 7 skenario. Analisis kesejahteraan dilakukan berdasarkan indikator Badan Pusat Statistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat pendapatan petani pada pertanian intensif lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan petani pada agroforestri. Hal ini dikarenakan besar biaya yang dikeluarkan petani pada pertanian intensif lebih besar dibanding agroforesti. Berdasarkan analisis kelayakan usahatani, pertanian intensif memiliki rasio R/C sebesar 1,71 dan agroforestri sebesar 3,30 sehingga agroforestri dikatakan lebih layak daripada pertanian intensif. Dari 7 skenario, diketahui bahwa agroforestri dikatakan layak untuk waktu yang lebih lama dibandingkan dengan pertanian intensif. Berdasarkan analisis kesejahteraan, baik petani pada pertanian intensif maupun agroforestri memiliki tingkat kesejahteraan sedang.

The aims of this research were to explore the income level of farmers, the feasibility level of farming, and the level of farmers welfare related to the application of intensive agriculture and agroforestry. This research was conducted in sub watershed of Merawu or upstream are of Serayu Watershed. The scale of the watershed was scaled down to the scale of the water catchment area. Catchment area of intensive farming was located in Penanggungan Village, Wanayasa District, while catchment area of agroforestry was located in Leksana Village, Karangkobar District. Both of catchments have an area ± 25 ha. The research materials were data about the needs of production facilities, agricultural production, farmers' land area, cropping and cultivation pattern, and farmer welfare data based on indicators of the Central Bureau of Statistics. The income level was calculated based on total revenue and total cost of production. The feasibility of farming was analyzed by R / C ratio approach. There were also predictions of feasibility of farming with 7 scenarios. Welfare analysis was based on indicators of the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results showed that farmers' income level on intensive farming was higher than that of farmers in agroforestry. Because the cost of farmers in intensive farming was higher than agroforestry. Based on the feasibility analysis of farming, intensive farming had 1.71 of R/C ratio and agroforestry had 3.30, so the agroforestry was more feasible. From 7 scenarios, the agroforestry was worth and sustainable. Based on the analysis of welfare, both farmers on intensive farming and agroforestry had a moderate level of prosperity.

Kata Kunci : pendapatan, kelayakan usahatani, kesejahteraan petani, pertanian intensif, agroforestri