KAJIAN KERUSAKAN LINGKUNGAN PERAIRAN SUNGAI AKIBAT PEMBUANGAN LIMBAH CAIR INDUSTRI GULA DI SUNGAI KRESEK, KEDIRI, JAWA TIMUR

ZULFA ANTURIDA, Prof. Dr. Hartono, DEA. DESS.; Dr. Tjahyo Nugroho Adji, M.Sc, Tech.

2018 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Lingkungan

Penelitian ini dilakukan di daerah industri gula Pesantren Baru, Kecamatan Pesantren, Kota Kediri. Limbah cair industri dibuang melalui saluran pembuangan yang bermuara pada Sungai Kresek dan berpotensi terhadap pencemaran sungai. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menginventarisasi data lingkungan komponen abiotik, biotik dan kultural terkait analisis degradasi lingkungan akibat limbah industri gula, mengkaji kualitas air berdasarkan pada komponen abiotik, biotik dan kultural serta mengkaji tingkat pencemaran lingkungan berdasarkan pada Peraturan Pemerintah RI Nomor 82 Tahun 2011 dan merumuskan strategi pengelolaan lingkungan pengendalian terhadap pencemaran limbah cair industri gula di Sungai Kresek Kediri. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survai, yaitu dengan melakukan observasi lapangan serta pengukuran terhadap objek kajian penelitian. Analisis kajian dilihat dari komponen abiotik, biotik dan kultural. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif dibandingkan dengan Peraturan Pemerintah RI Nomor 82 Tahun 2001. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan telah terjadi pencemaran di Sungai Kresek akibat adanya pembuangan limbah cair industri gula. Status mutu air Sungai Kresek menunjukkan titik 1 tercemar sedang, titik 2, 3 dan 4 tercemar berat. Indeks diversitas menunjukkan titik 1 sampai dengan titik 4 tercemar berat. Prosentase tinggi taksa Chrinomidae dan Thiaridae menunjukkan Sungai Kresek telah mengalami pencemaran, tetapi pada titik 1 masih ditemukan udang (Macrobrachium resenbergii), yaitu hewan yang dapat hidup di perairan tidak tercemar. Menurut informan Sungai Kresek telah mengalami pencemaran. Strategi pengelolaan lingkungan yang digunakan meliputi unsur fisik Sungai Kresek dan kelembagaan (masyarakat, industri dan pemerintah), diawali dengan perencanaan yang tepat sasaran.

This research was conducted in Pesantren Baru sugar industry area in Pesantren District of Kediri. The liquid waste was disposed through the sewer which leads to Kresek River and potentially pollutes the river. The research objectives are to inventory biotic, abiotic and cultural components of environmental data regarding environmental degradation analysis caused by sugar industry waste, analyze water quality based on abiotic, biotic and cultural component and also analyze environmental pollution level based on Government Regulations of Republic of Indonesia Number 82 Year 2011 and moreover develop strategic plan on liquid waste disposal management in Kresek River, Kediri. This study used a survey method which emphasizes an observation and measurement of various variables of research object. Study analysis of this research was abiotic, biotic and cultural component of environmental data, while data analysis used was descriptive analysis based on Government Regulations of Republic of Indonesia Number 82 Year 2011. The results showed that pollutions have become issues in Kresek River doe to liquid waste disposal of sugar industry. Water quality status of Kresek River showed point 1 was moderately polluted while point 2,3 and 4 were heavily polluted. Diversity index confirmed that point 1 until point 4 was heavily polluted. Meanwhile high presence of Chironomidae and Thiaridae indicated that Kresek River was polluted, a shrimp (Macrobrachium Resenbergii) was found in point 1, which was bioindicator for less polluted environment. The result from interview also showed that Kresek River has been polluted. Furthermore, the environmental strategic planning has to develop from physical elements of Kresek River and institutional aspects including community, industry and government with proper beginning.

Kata Kunci : pencemaran lingkungan, industri gula, kualitas air sungai/ environmental pollution, sugar industry, water quality of Kresek River