KAJIAN KUALITAS DAN KENYAMANAN TERMAL PERMUKIMAN UNTUK ARAHAN PENATAAN PERMUKIMAN BERBASIS ECO-SETTLEMENTS DI KELURAHAN PANDEYAN KOTA YOGYAKARTA

MUHAMAD NURHIDAYAT, Dr. Djaka Marwasta, M.Si.

2018 | Skripsi | S1 GEOGRAFI DAN ILMU LINGKUNGAN

Kelurahan Pandeyan merupakan daerah yang kompleks dekat dengan pusat kota dan dilalui Sungai Gajah Wong. Pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi tidak lepas dari perkembangan daerah perkotaan yang semakin maju. Permintaan ruang yang tidak diimbangi dengan ketersediaan lahan dan penataan ruang yang baik dapat memicu terjadinya penurunan kualitas permukiman. Hal itu dikarenakan daya dukung lingkungan tidak mampu mengimbangi jumlah penduduk dan kepadatan bangunan yang tinggi. Penelitian ini memiliki tiga tujuan utama. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) mengetahui kualitas lingkungan permukiman di wilayah kajian, (2) mengetahui kenyamanan termal di wilayah kajian dan (3) mengetahui arahan penataan permukiman berbasis eco-settlements yang tepat di wilayah kajian. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu metode kuantitatif melalui wawancara secara terstruktur, survei lapangan dan analisis data sekunder. Kualitas lingkungan permukiman didapat melalui pengolahan citra penginderaan jauh dan wawancara secara terstruktur dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Kenyamanan termal permukiman didapat melalui analisis temperature humidity index (THI) dengan pengambilan data pada suhu dan kelembaban relatif secara systematic random sampling (grid). Teknik analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif dengan melihat aspek keruangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola persebaran kualitas perukiman cenderung menyebar dan tidak dominan disatu lokasi. Permukiman kumuh pada umumnya berasosiasi dengan bantaran Sungai Gajah Wong yang terletak di sebelah barat Kelurahan Pandeyan. Hasil analisis kenyamanan termal menunjukkan nilai THI atau temperature humidity index berada diangka 27 hingga 29. Hal itu menunjukkan bahwa seluruh wilayahnya termasuk dalam kategori tidak nyaman. Arahan penataan permukiman berbasis eco-settlement di wilayah kajian terbagi menjadi aspek ekologis, sosial ekonomi dan kelembagaan. Aspek ekologis menekankan pada arahan penataan ruang terbuka hijau, pengelolaan sanitasi lingkungan dan pengelolaan sampah yang menerapkan konsep 3R atau reuse, reduce dan recycle. Penataan permukiman berkonsep eco-settlement harus didukung oleh program dan sistem kelembagaan yang kompatibel yang menekankan pada program pembangunan yang berkelanjutan

Pandeyan Urban Village is a complex area nearby Yogyakarta city center and passed by Gajah Wong River. High population growth in Pandeyan Urban Village cannot be ignored by impacts of development urban area. Continuously increasing demand of land bring up pressures and shifting usage of land. Space demand that is not balanced with the availability of land and good spatial or area planning can lead the decreasing in quality and thermal comfort of the settlement. This happens because the carrying capacity of the environment is not able to keep up with total population and increasing of the buildings. The research has three objectives. The objectives of this research were: (1) to know the quality of the settlement environment in the study area, (2) to know the thermal comfort in the study area and (3) to know the proper settlement planning direction based on eco-settlements in the study area. Research method which used in this study is quantitative method with structured interview, field survey, and secondary data analysis. Data quality of settlement was obtained through satellite imagery processing and structured interview with purposive sampling technique. Data thermal comfort of settlement was obtained through temperature humidity index (THI) analysis, where it was taken at the temperature and relative humidity on systematic random sampling (grid). Data analysis presented descriptively which consider on spatial aspect. The findings show that the distribution pattern quality of settlement was spread and not dominant in one location. Slum settlements typically associated with the riverbanks of the Gajah Wong River which is located at west of Pandeyan Urban Village. While, for the result of thermal comfort analysis shows that score of THI approximately 27 to 29. That means the entire examined area was include as uncomfortable category. The direction of settlement planning based on eco-settlement for examined area was divided into ecological, socio-economic, and institutional aspects. The ecological aspect emphasis on the direction of green open space planning, environmental sanitation management, and waste management with 3R (reuse, reduce, and recycle) concept implementation. The settlement planning of eco-settlement concept should be supported by a compatible institutional program and system.

Kata Kunci : kualitas lingkungan permukiman, kenyamanan termal permukiman, eco-settlements, ruang terbuka hijau/ quality of settlement environment, thermal comfort of settlement, eco-settlements, green open space