Studi Pelayanan Promosi Kesehatan di Farmasi Komunitas: Pengetahuan, Persepsi Peran, Barrier, dan Self-Efficacy di Apotek dan Puskesmas Provinsi DIY

ALEXANDRA RIZKY I, Dr. Chairun W., M.Kes., M.AppSc., Apt ; Dr. Susi Ari Kristina, M.Kes., Apt

2018 | Skripsi | S1 FARMASI

Perkembangan pelayanan kefarmasian, utamanya bidang promosi kesehatan saat ini menjadi peluang bagi apoteker untuk terlibat. Peran apoteker di bidang ini sudah sangat dikenal di negara maju, namun belum banyak terlihat di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan, persepsi peran, persepsi barrier, dan self-efficacy dalam promosi kesehatan, serta hubungannya dengan praktik promosi kesehatan oleh apoteker di provinsi Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif, dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Data diambil dengan self-administered questionnaire, terdiri dari domain pengetahuan, persepsi peran, self-efficacy, persepsi barrier dalam pelayanan promosi kesehatan, dan praktik promosi kesehatan oleh apoteker. Pengolahan data digunakan dengan SPSS dengan analisis deskriptif. Uji Chi-Square digunakan untuk menganalisis ada tidaknya hubungan antar variabel penelitian. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 124 responden apoteker. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar responden memiliki pengetahuan baik 96(77,42%), berpersepsi peran positif 78(62,90%), berpersepsi barrier positif 68(54,84%) dan memiliki self-efficacy tinggi 89(71,77%) dalam melakukan promosi kesehatan. Sebanyak 109(87,90%) responden sudah melakukan promosi kesehatan. Analisis dengan uji Chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan signifikan antara persepsi peran, dan persepsi barrier dengan praktik promosi kesehatan. Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara pengetahuan, persepsi peran, dan persepsi barrier dengan self-efficacy, dan tidak adanya hubungan antara pengetahuan, dan self-efficacy dengan praktik promosi kesehatan.

The development of pharmacy service, particulary in the health promotion field has become a chance for the pharmacist to be involved nowdays. The pharmacist role in this field had known in the developed country, but not in the developing country including Indonesia. This research aims to identify the knowledge, role perception, barrier perception, and self-efficacy in health promotion, and its correlation with the health promotion practice by pharmacist in Yogyakarta as well. This research use descriptive style, with cross-sectional design. The data are obtained with self-administrated questionnaire, consist of knowledge questionnaire, role perception, self-efficacy, and barrier perception in health promotion service. The data are analyzed by SPSS version 23.0 with descriptive analysis of frequency and Crosstabs. Chi-square test is used to analyze the correlation between the variables of the research. This research involved 124 respondents. The results of this research showed that most of the respondents have a good knowledge 96(77,42%), have a positive role perception 78(62,90%), have a high barrier perception 68(54,84%) and have a high self-efficacy 89(71,77%) in doing a health promotion. The 109(87,90%) of the respondents has done the health promotion. The analysis using Chi-square test showed that there is a significance association between role perception and barrier perception with the implementation of health promotion. There is no significance association between the education, role perception, and barrier perception with self-efficacy, and there is no association between knowledge and self-effiacacy with the implementation of health promotion as well.

Kata Kunci : pelayanan farmasi, promosi kesehatan, pengetahuan, persepsi peran, self-efficacy