PREVALENSI LESI MUKOSA MULUT PADA PENDUDUK LANJUT USIA DI PROVINSI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

GINTING WIDODO, Dr. drg. Dewi Agustina, MDSc., MDSc; drg. Supriatno, M.Kes., MDSc., Ph.D

2018 | Skripsi | S1 HIGIENE GIGI

Proses menua pada lansia merupakan proses fisiologis dan terjadi penurunan fungsi organ tubuh. Perubahan pada lansia akibat proses menua salah satunya terjadi pada rongga mulut. Perubahan pada mukosa mulut dapat memunculkan berbagai lesi di dalam rongga mulut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi lesi mukosa mulut pada penduduk lanjut usia di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah deskriptif observational dengan pendekatan potong lintang.Subjek penelitian merupakan lansia yang direkrut sebagai subjek PUPT 2016 dengan jumlah 115 oarang lansia. Data diperoleh dengan wawancara langsung dan pemeriksaan klinis intraoral. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan mayoritas lesi mukosa mulut pada penduduk lanjut usia di Provinsi DIY adalah lesi variasi normal. Sepuluh lesi variasi normal dengan prevalensi tertinggi termasuk coated tongue (78,26%), racial pigmentation (46,96%), varix (28,69%), fissured tongue (22,61%), linea alba (19,13%), fordyces granules (13,91%), torus palatinus (7,83%), crenated tongue (7,83%), ephelis (6,69%), traumatic keratosis (6,09%). Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa prevalensi lesi mukosa mulut pada lansia di Provinsi DIY sebesar 96,52%.

Aging process in elderly is a physiological process and a declining in organ function. Changes in elderly due to aging process occursin the oral cavity. Changes that occur in the oralcavity can manifest as oral lesions. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosa lesions in elderly people in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). A descriptive observational method with cross sectional approach was used in this study. The subjects were recruited from PUPT 2016 projectas many as 115 elderly . Data were obtained by direct interview and intraoral clinical examination. Data were analyzed by descriptive analysis. The resultrevealed oral mucosal lesions predominantly appear in elderly of DIY. The most oral lesions were found are lesions of normal variation include coated tongue (78,26%), racial pigmentation (46,96%), varix (28,69%), fissured tongue (22,61%), linea alba (19,13%), fordyces granules (13,91%), torus palatinus (7,83%), crenated tongue (7,83%), ephelis (6,69%), traumatic keratosis (6,09%). In conclusion, the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions in elderly of DIY is 96,52%.

Kata Kunci : prevalensi, lesi mukosa mulut, lansia.