Evaluasi Pelatihan Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Berbasis Komunitas pada Mahasiswa Prodi Pendidikan Dokter, Prodi Gizi, Prodi Keperawatan UGM Tahun 2016

Istianto Kuntjoro, dr. Mora Claramita, MHPE, Ph.D

2017 | Tesis | S2 Ilmu Kedokteran Klinik

Latar Belakang: Bencana merupakan kejadian yang menghancurkan infrastruktur, memakan korban jiwa, mengganggu kehidupan dan sistem, semua tatanan sosial, kesehatan, dan keamanan, serta terjadi dalam skala global. Di berbagai tempat di dunia mulai memasukkan penanganan bencana dalam kurikulum pendidikan dokternya, tak terkecuali Indonesia yang secara geologis terletak di daerah dengan potensi bencana yang tinggi, yang sangat berpotensi terus dirugikan oleh bencana yang kerap terjadi. Tujuan: Melihat apakah pelatihan manajemen bencana pada mahasiswa kedokteran UGM semester tujuh, telah benar meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap siaga mahasiswa terhadap kebencanaan. Metode: Rancangan penelitian kuantitatif dan menggunakan metode Quasi-experimental, without control, dengan instrument pre-test dan post-test. Populasi penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa prodi pendidikan dokter, mahasiswa prodi gizi, dan mahasiswa prodi keperawatan. Menggunakan sampel 175 mahasiswa. Variabel independen yang diukur adalah pelatihan manajemen bencana berbasis masyarakat. Pengumpulan data penelitian menggunakan instrument berupa kuesioner setelah itu dianalisis dengan uji T berpasangan. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan skor pengetahuan ataupun sikap tentang kebencanaan setelah menerima pelatihan, namun capaian nilai rerata setiap soal masih mendekati median. Hal ini berarti peningkatan skor yang dicapai tertinggi pada tiap prodi adalah nilai 6. Kesimpulan: Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan mahasiswa tentang kebencanaan dan sikap kesiapsiagaan bencana, namun belum dapat menjamin akan tercapainya suatu pelatihan yang diharapkan menjadi dasar bagi kompetensi yang dibutuhkan untuk tanggap darurat yang berdampak pada pengurangan angka kematian dan kecacatan

Background: Over last a decade, Indonesia has been attacked by big disaster event that has impact to community. One of the main factors that caused many victims in disaster is lack of community knowledge and preparedness in disaster. An appropriate response is supported by health system readiness, facilities, and health workers who ready to face disaster. To support preparedness of health workers, Faculty of Medicine UGM through Community and Family Health Care with Inter-professional Education (CFHC-IPE) provides disaster health management training for health students (medical, nursing, and dietitian). Purpose: To determine change of health student’s knowledge and attitude after undergo disaster health training Method: This study used quasi experimental approach with pre post-test intervention. This study had conducted at Pager Jurang village, Cangkringan Sleman, September 2016. Study subject was fourth year student of medical, nursing, and dietitian who following CFHC IPE Program. Study instrument used questionnaire with 10 open questions. Independent variable was community based learning method, while dependent variable was knowledge and attitude. Data analyze used paired t test and qualitative data as complement. Result: Change of knowledge and attitude was significant (p>0,00). Knowledge and attitude about vulnerable group and how to care of them was the highest. Generally, knowledge of nursing students was the highest. However, attitude of dietitian students was the highest. Mean of understanding for disaster health management, Incident Command System, and collaboration among health profession was still low. Conclusion: Regarding the result, needed a modification method for community based learning to reach learning objective for disaster health management and collaboration among health profession. In order to the students more realize the essential of coordination, collaboration, and disaster preparedness in community.

Kata Kunci : Disaster health management, collaboration, health student, community based learning