Analisis Teknik dan Usaha Budidaya Udang Vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei Boone 1931) dalam Tambak pada Lahan Pasir di Pesisir Kecamatan Temon Kabupaten Kulon Progo

M. MA'SUM , Dr. Ir. Bambang Triyatmo, M.P. dan Ir. Sukardi, M. P.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 BUDIDAYA PERIKANAN

Penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kelayakan teknik dan usaha budidaya udang vaname dalam tambak pada lahan pasir di Pesisir Kecamatan Temon Kabupaten Kulon Progo. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode survei. Sampel petambak ditentukan secara proporsional dan dikumpulkan berdasarkan strata luas tambak. Pengumpulan data dengan cara observasi dan wawancara. Sampel yang diambil 36 responden dari populasi sebanyak 180 petambak. Sampel terdiri atas 3 strata luas tambak yaitu >1.500 m2 12 orang; 1.000 sampai 1.500 m2 13 orang; dan <1.000 m2 11 orang. Hasil penelitian budidaya udang vaname pada strata luas tambak <1.000 m2 , 1.000 sampai 1.500 m2 , dan >1.500 m2, mempunyai produktivitas berkisar antara 11-13 ton/Ha, secara teknis termasuk layak dilaksanakan. Produktivitas tambak paling tinggi sebesar 13 ton/Ha diperoleh pada strata luas >1.500 m2 (rerata 2.200 m2), secara teknis tambak dibuat pada tanah pasir yang dilapisi plastik, kedalaman air 130 cm, padat tebar 144 ekor/m2, waktu pemeliharaan 89 hari, penggunaan kincir 18 unit/Ha (daya 1 PK/unit, dengan 6 baling-baling/unit), penggunaan probiotik 797 Kg/Ha dan nilai nisbah konversi pakan (Feed Conversion Ratio / FCR) 1. Usaha budidaya udang vaname pada strata luas tambak <1.000 m2, 1.000 sampai 1.500 m2 , dan >1.500 m2, mempunyai nilai nisbah revenue/cost (R/C) ratio berkisar antara 1,28 sampai 2,13; termasuk layak diusahakan. Nilai R/C ratio paling tinggi sebesar 2,13 diperoleh pada strata luas tambak >1.500 m2, dengan pendapatan Rp 582.812.354,-/Ha per siklus {nilai titik impas (Break Event Point/BEP) produk 1.946 kg dan BEP harga Rp. 38.188,-/Kg}.

This research aimed to know the technical & financial feasibility of the white shrimp cultivation in the Coastal area of Temon District Kulon Progo Regency. The research used was survey method. The farmer's samples determined proportionally and the data obtained was subsequently classified based on the pond area strata. Data collection has done by observation and interview. Samples taken as many as 36 respondents from the population of 180 farmers. The sample consisted of 3 strata of pond area that was > 1,500 m2 as many as 12 people; 1,000 to 1,500 m2 as many as 13 people; <1,000 m2 as many as 11 people. The results of white shrimp cultivation in pond strata area <1,000 m2; 1,000 to 1,500 m2; and > 1,500 m2, have productivity ranged between 11 to 13 ton/Ha, technically including feasible. The highest productivity of ponds of 13 ton/Ha obtained from pond strata area > 1,500 m2 (average of 2,200 m2), technically the pond made on plastic-coated sandy soil, water depth 130 cm, stocking density 144 larvae/m2, 89 days of culture, using of 18 units of windmill/Ha (power 1 PK/unit, with 6 vanes/unit), using of probiotics as much as 797 Kg/Ha and feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1. The cultivation of white shrimp in pond strata area <1,000 m2; 1,000 to 1,500 m2; and >1,500 m2, had value of revenue / cost (R/C) ratio ranged from 1.28 to 2.13; including feasible cultivation. The highest R/C ratio of 2.13 was obtained from pond strata area > 1,500 m2, with revenue Rp 582.812.354, - /Ha per cycle {Break Event Point / BEP) 1,946 kg and BEP price Rp . 38.188, - /kg}.

Kata Kunci : lahan pasir, tambak, teknik, udang vaname dan usaha.