PROFIL PRODUKSI DAN KOMPOSISI SUSU KAMBING PERANAKAN ETTAWA LAKTASI PERTAMA DI BALAI BESAR PEMBIBITAN TERNAK UNGGUL-HIJAUAN PAKAN TERNAK BATURRADEN

MARTHA SEPTARI N, Dr. Ir. Adiarto, M.Sc.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 ILMU DAN INDUSTRI PETERNAKAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui produksi dan komposisi susu kambing Peranakan Ettawa (PE) yang dikelola di dalam Balai Besar Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BBPTU-HPT) Baturraden selama laktasi pertama. Susu dikoleksi dari 39 ekor kambing induk laktasi dari hasil pemerahan pagi dan sore yang memiliki masa laktasi seragam, yakni masa laktasi I. Pengambilan sampel susu dilakukan setiap bulan sebanyak 150 ml dari tiap ekor ternak yang dimulai pada bulan laktasi pertama hingga kelima. Pakan yang diberikan selama penelitian adalah hijauan (rumput dan legum), konsentrat campuran dan ketela pohon. Air diberikan secara ad libitum. Variabel yang diamati meliputi kadar lemak, protein, laktosa, total solid (TS) dan solid non fat (SNF) susu. Data komposisi susu dianalisis dengan variansi Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) pola searah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar lemak, protein, laktosa, TS dan SNF susu pada tiap bulan laktasi tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05). Komposisi susu bulan laktasi 1, 2, 3, 4 dan 5 untuk kadar lemak susu (%) berturut-turut adalah 4,92±1,12; 4,33±1,70; 4,61±1,90; 5,20±1,00 dan 5,23±1,47, kadar protein susu (%) 3,48±0,19; 3,31±0,15; 3,47±0,28; 3,56±0,29 dan 3,52±0,21, kadar laktosa susu (%) 3,30±0,18; 3,14±0,15; 3,30±0,27; 3,33±0,17 dan 3,34±0,20, kadar TS susu (%) 12,26±1,11; 11,31±1,59; 12,11±1,93; 12,68±1,05 dan 12,65±1,31 serta kadar SNF susu (%) 7,35±0,39; 6,98±0,32; 7,50±0,88; 7,48±0,57 dan 7,42±0,45. Kadar lemak, protein, laktosa, TS dan SNF susu terendah terjadi pada bulan laktasi ke-2 yang mempunyai hubungan berbanding terbalik dengan produksi susu sebagai akibat dari peningkatan produksi susu harian.

This research was aimed to know of the milk production and composition that was produced by Ettawa crossbred in Balai Besar Pembibitan Ternak Unggul dan Hijauan Pakan Ternak (BBPTU-HPT) Baturraden during the first lactation. Sample of milk was collected from 39 first lactation Ettawa goat in every morning and evening. One hundreed fifty mL sample of milk from each goat having from first to fifth month of lactation were taken in every month. Feed that consist of grass and leguminous as well as mix concentrate and cassava was given to animal during this research. The water was provide for those animal ad libitum. The observed variable were the content of mil fat, protein, lactose, total solid (TS) and solid non fat (SNF) concentration. Data of the compotitin of milk was analyzed by One-Way Anova. The result showed that content of milk fat, protein, lactose, TS and SNF in different month of lactation were not different significantly (P>0,05). The composisiton of milk from the first to fifth month of lactation, such as milk fat (%) were 4,92±1,12; 4,33±1,70; 4,61±1,90; 5,20±1,00 and 5,23±1,47, while for milk protein (%) were 3,48±0,19; 3,31±0,15; 3,47±0,28; 3,56±0,29 and 3,52±0,21, for milk lactose (%) were 3,30±0,18; 3,14±0,15; 3,30±0,27; 3,33±0,17 and 3,34±0,20, for milk TS (%) were 12,26±1,11; 11,31±1,59; 12,11±1,93; 12,68±1,05 and 12,65±1,31 and for milk SNF (%) were 7,35±0,39; 6,98±0,32; 7,50±0,88; 7,48±0,57 and 7,42±0,45. The lowest content of milk fat, protein, lactose, TS and SNF were found in the 2nd month of lactation. The figure of those data had a different corelation with amount of milk produced due to milk yield increased daily.

Kata Kunci : Kambing Peranakan Ettawa (PE), Susu Kambing, Produksi susu, Komposisi Susu, Bulan Laktasi / Ettawa crossbred, Goat Milk, Milk Production, Milk Composition, Month of Lactation