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DISTRIBUSI DAN KEPADATAN JENIS MAMALIA PELAYANG DI HUTAN CAMPUR, KECAMATAN BEJEN, KABUPATEN TEMANGGUNG

HAYDIN RAIS FAIZIN, Dr.rer.silv. Muh. Ali Imron, S.Hut, M.Sc.

2017 | Skripsi | S1 KEHUTANAN

Mamalia pelayang merupakan satwa nokturnal arboreal yang memiliki membran layang (patagium) di antara kaki depan dan kaki belakang yang digunakan untuk melayang dan berpindah di antara pepohonan yang tinggi. Hutan campur di Kecamatan Bejen, Kabupaten Temanggung, Jawa Tengah merupakan habitat dari mamalia pelayang dan merupakan hutan tropis dataran rendah yang masih tersisa di pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui data awal mamalia pelayang di hutan campur Kecamatan Bejen yang memuat tentang distribusi perjumpaan di hutan campur Kecamatan Bejen, distribusi di ruang pohon dan estimasi kepadatannya. Area penelitian mamalia pelayang di hutan campur ini dibagi menjadi 101 grid dengan ukuran grid 200 m x 200 m. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan survei okupansi yang dilakukan di malam hari. Posisi satwa di ruang pohon dan lokasi ditemukan mamalia pelayang dicatat kemudian ditandai. Pencatatan jenis pohon tempat ditemukanya mamalia pelayang juga dilakukan. Software ArcGIS 10.1 digunakan untuk mendeskripsikan distribusi mamalia pelayang. Posisi satwa di visualisasikan menggunakan model penggunaan ruang pohon. Tinggi pohon dan posisi ketinggian satwa pada pohon dibedakan menggunakan uji analisis Kruskal- Wallis dan Mann Whitney U test. Sedangkan analisis kepadatan dengan membandingkan jumlah individu dengan luas area yang kemudian direpresentasikan menggunakan peta Kernel Density. Hasil penelitian menemukan terdapat tiga spesies mamalia pelayang di hutan campur Kecamatan Bejen yaitu kubung Malaya (Cynocephalus variegatus), bajing terbang raksasa merah (Petaurista petaurista) dan bajing terbang (Petinomys sp). Distribusi mamalia pelayang berada di daerah Kali Bogor, Ngleter, Nggolangu, Baros, Nglangon, Petet, Paponan, Teledok, dan Keceh. Distribusi pemanfaatan ruang pohon mamalia pelayang terdapat pada posisi tengah tajuk dengan karakter dahan yang landai, bersudut lebar dan cenderung datar. Tinggi pohon dan posisi ketinggian satwa pada pohon menunjukan perbedaan pada jenis kubung Malaya dan bajing terbang raksasa merah. Kepadatan mamalia pelayang dalam area seluas 361,34 ha yaitu : kubung Malaya (Cynocephalus variegatus): 8 individu, bajing terbang raksasa merah (Petaurista petaurista) : 12 individu dan bajing terbang (Petinomys sp) : 7 individu.

Gliding mammals are mostly active at night (nocturnal) and arboreal. They have gliding membrane (patagium) between the front legs and hind legs that allow to glid and move between trees, thus depending on the presence of tall trees. The mixed forest in Bejen district, Temanggung Regency of the Central Java Province is home to gliding mammals. This forest area is the remaining tropical lowland forest in Central Java. Despite the presence of gliding mammals in this forest, information about distribution and density of these mammals are rarely found in the literatures. This research aims to know the initial data of gliding mammals in the mixed forest on their distribution in the forest, and in the trees also their density estimation. The mixed forest of Bejen district was divided into 101 grid cells with 200 x 200 m size. Occupancy surveys were done during night to detect gliding mammals. The position of the animals in the trees were recorded and geographical positions were marked. The tree species identification was done at the position of the mammals. The ArcGIS 10 software was used to describe the distribution of the mammals in the forest. The positions of mammals in the tree were visualized in the tree position. The tree high and position of the animals in the tree were compared using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U test analyses. Density was estimated by comparing the number of individuals to the size of the area and was represented by a Kernel Density map. This study found three species of gliding mammals in the mixed forest of Bejen district e.g. Malayan flying lemur (Cynocephalus variegatus), red giant flying squirrel (Petaurista petaurista) and flying squirrel (Petinomys sp.). The distribution of mammals are grouped in Kali Bogor, Ngleter, Nggolangu, Baros, Nglangon, Petet, Paponan, Teledok, and Keceh. Gliding mammals distribution were mostly is the central part of the tree branches with relatively flat and were not steep. Malayan flying lemur with red giant flying squirrel has difference in the tree high and position of the animals in the tree. The density of the Malayan flying lemur (Cynocephalus variegatus) was 8 individuals, red giant flying squirrel (Petaurista petaurista) was 12 individuals and a flying Squirrel (Petinomys sp) was 7 individuals on an area of 361,34 ha. Possible conservation implication was discussed.

Kata Kunci : Mamalia Pelayang, kubung Malaya, bajing terbang raksasa merah, bajing terbang, hutan tropis dataran rendah, kebun kopi naungan