Macaca fascicularis merupakan Primata dengan sistem saraf maju dan hidup dalam struktur sosial yang terdiri dari alfa, dewasa, indukan, pradewasa, juvenil, dan infant. Salah satu predator M. fascicularis yaitu ular sanca. Perilaku anti-predator M. fascicularis berbagai kelompok umur dan kedudukan hierarkis terhadap ular sanca masih belum banyak dikaji. Dengan demikian, penelitian yang bertujuan untuk mengkaji hal tersebut perlu dilakukan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi Yogyakarta. Digunakan ular sanca sebagai model predator dan sekelompok M. fascicularis yang terdiri dari stadia juvenil, pradewasa, indukan, dewasa, dan alfa untuk diambil data perilaku anti-predator, jarak mangsa-predator, dan profil alarm call. Perilaku anti-predator ditentukan melalui pengamatan langsung dan pengamatan dari video. Jarak mangsa-predator diukur secara langsung. Profil alarm call ditentukan melalui rekaman suara. Berdasarkan hasil, masing-masing kelompok menunjukkan perilaku curiosity paling sering sebagai respon terhadap ular sanca, namun kelompok indukan paling sering menunjukkan curiosity. Vigilance dan perilaku terhabituasi paling sering ditunjukkan oleh alfa dan dewasa. Juvenil paling sering melakukan avoidance dan flight behavior. Mobbing dan Alarm calling sering dilakukan oleh alfa. Individu alfa juga menunjukkan jarak mangsa-predator terdekat, durasi alarm call terpanjang, dan frekuensi alarm call terendah. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan nyata pada jumlah syllable alarm call. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perilaku anti-predator yang diperlihatkan individu alfa, kelompok dewasa, indukan, pradewasa, dan juvenil berbeda-beda.

Long-tailed macaques (Macaca fascicularis) are Primate with advanced nervous system and live socially. According to their age and status, they can be distinguished into alpha, adult, mother, preadult, juvenile, and infant. They have predators which are raptors, felids, and pythons. Anti-predatory behavior in M. fascicularis with different status toward python is still lack studied. Therefore, a research to study more about it is urgently needed. The research was conducted at Taman Nasional Gunung Merapi Yogyakarta. Groups of macaques which consisted of alpha, adult, mother, preadult, and juvenil were used. Parameters observed included anti-predatory behavior, prey-predator distance, and alarm call profile. Anti-predatory behavior was observed directly and indirectly by video. Prey-predator distance was measured directly. Alarm call profile was determined by audio records. Each groups showed curiosity most frequent among other behaviors, however mothers showed curiosity most frequent. Vigilance and habituated behavior occured most often in alphas and adults. Juveniles showed the highest percentages of avoidance and flight behavior. Alphas showed mobbing and alarm call behaviors most frequent among other groups. Alphas also had the furthest prey-predator distance, longest alarm call, and lowest fundamental frequency. There was no significant difference in alarm call syllable number. It could be concluded that anti-predator behavior occured in alpha, adult, mother, preadult, and juvenil are different.

Kata Kunci : Macaca fascicularis, perilaku, anti-predator, Python reticulatus