Latar belakang: Stunting merupakan gangguan pertumbuhan, yang sering ditemui pada anak kurang dari 24 bulan. Prevalensi balita stunting di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) sebesar 22,5% dan prevalensi balita stunting Kota Yogyakarta 15,11%. Kejadian stunting pada usia di bawah 24 bulan berhubungan dengan banyak faktor, seperti terhentinya pemberian ASI, sehingga diberikan pemberian Makanan Pendamping Air Susu Ibu (MP-ASI) dini, asupan zat gizi (energi dan protein) pada makanan yang kurang memadai, dan kondisi sosial ekonomi keluarga. Tujuan: Menganalisis besarnya risiko MP-ASI terhadap kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Kota Yogyakarta. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan desain studi kasus kontrol. Lokasi penelitian di 3 kecamatan (Tegalrejo, Umbulharjo dan Kota Gede) di wilayah Kota Yogyakarta. Subyek penelitian adalah anak usia 6-24 bulan di Kota Yogyakarta. Besar sampel yang dibutuhkan adalah 121 anak stunting dan 121 anak tidak stunting. Pemilihan subjek penelitian menggunakan teknik non probability sampling dengan metode concecutive sampling. Untuk mengetahui status stunting pada anak maka dilakukan pengukuran panjang badan menurut umur (PB/U) dan menganalisis besarnya risiko MP-ASI terhadap kejadian stunting. Dalam penelitian ini juga diamati pendidikan orangtua, jumlah anggota keluarga, pendapatan keluarga, berat badan lahir, tinggi badan orangtua sebagai variabel luar yang berkaitan dengan MP-ASI. Hasil: Kejadian stunting lebih banyak terjadi pada anak berusia 13-24 bulan (80,2%) dengan jenis kelamin terbanyak pada anak laki-laki (52,1%). Berdasarkan hasil analisis bivariat diperoleh waktu memulai pemberian MP-ASI berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting (OR = 1,71; 95% CI = 1,02-2,85). Variabel usia anak berhubungan siginifikan dengan kejadian stunting (OR = 2,47; 95% CI = 1,34-4,63). Variabel luar yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting yaitu tinggi badan ibu (OR = 2,14; 95% CI = 1,08-4,33) dan berat badan lahir (OR = 5,60; 95% CI = 2,27-15,70). Setelah dilakukan analisis multivariat variabel yang lebih berisiko menyebabkan kejadian stunting adalah usia anak, tinggi badan ibu dan berat badan lahir. Sehingga tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara waktu memulai pemberian MP-ASI, asupan energi dan asupan protein dengan kejadian stunting. Kesimpulan: Waktu memulai pemberian MP-ASI < 6 bulan, asupan energi dan protein yang rendah bukan merupakan faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak usia 6-24 bulan di Kota Yogyakarta. Usia anak 13-24 bulan, tinggi badan ibu yang pendek dan anak dengan riwayat berat badan lahir rendah merupakan variabel yang paling dominan terhadap kejadian stunting.

Background: Stunting is growth disorder commonly found in children of under 24 months. The prevalence of stunting children under five at the Province Yogyakarta Special Territory is 22.5% and at Yogyakarta Municipality is 15.11%. The prevalence of stunting in children uedr 24 months is associated with many factors, such as breastfeeding cessation leading to early complementary breastfeeding supplementation, inadequate nutrient intake (energy and protein) and social economic condition of the family. Objective: To analyze risk of complementary breastfeeding to the prevalence of stunting in children of 6-24 months at Yogyakarta Municipality. Method: The study was observational with case control study design. Location of the study were three subdistricts (Tegalrejo, Umbulharjo and Kota Gede) at the area of Yogyakarta Municipality. Subject of the study were children of 6-24 months at Yogyakarta Municipality. Samples consisted of 121 stunting and 121 non stunting children selected through non probability sampling with consecutive sampling method. Status of stunting in children was assessed through height/age and analysis of risk of complementary breastfeeding to the prevalence of stunting. The study also observed education of parents, members of the family, low family income, birth weight, parents’ height as external variables related to complementary breastfeeding. Result: The prevalence of stunting was higher in children of 13-24 months (80.2%) male (52.1%). The result of bivariate analysis showed the time of complementary breastfeeding supplementation was significantly associated with the prevalence of stunting (OR = 1.71; 95% CI = 1.02-2.85). Variable of age of children was significantly associated with the prevalence of stunting (OR = 2.47; 95% CI = 1.34-4.63). External variables significantly associated with the prevalence of stunting were mothers’ height (OR = 2.14; 95% CI = 1.08-4.33) and birth weight (OR = 5.60; 95% CI = 2.27-15.70). The result of multivariate analysis showed variables that had higher risk for the prevalence of stunting were age of children, mothers’ height and birth weight. Thus there was no significant association between the time of complementary breastfeeding initiation, energy and protein intake and the prevalence of stunting. Conclusion: Time of complementary breastfeeding initiation < 6 months, low energy and protein intake are not risk factor for the prevalence of stunting in children of 6–24 months at Yogyakarta Municipality. Age of children 13-24 months, low mothers’ height and children with low birth weight having more dominant variables to the prevalence of stunting.

Kata Kunci : Waktu memulai pemberian MP-ASI, asupan energi, asupan protein, stunting.