Analisis nitrit dan nitrat dalam serabi dan roti secara spektrofotometri Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) telah dilakukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendapatkan kondisi optimum untuk analisis nitrit dan nitrat secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis, mendapatkan informasi pereduksi yang optimal, mengetahui konsentrasi ion yang dapat menimbulkan interferensi analisis nitrit dan mengaplikasikan metode analisis nitrit dan nitrat yang memenuhi parameter validasi metode. Penelitian diawali dengan menentukan kondisi optimum analisis nitrit sedangkan nitrat perlu direduksi untuk dapat dianalisis dengan spektrofotometri UV-Vis menggunakan Zn maupun spongy kadmium. Interferensi ion terhadap analisis nitrit dilakukan dengan menentukan konsentrasi terendah ion yang dapat menurunkan absorbansi senyawa azo. Selanjutnya metode analisis divalidasi berdasarkan parameter validasi metode. Reaksi diazotasi menghasilkan senyawa azo yang memiliki panjang gelombang maksimum 546 nm. Hasil validasi metode analisis nitrit dan nitrat yang direduksi menggunakan Zn maupun spongy kadmium memiliki linieritas metode dengan R2=0,9991 pada rentang 0-1 mg L-1. Absorptivitas molar masing-masing metode yaitu 3,37 x 104; 2,91 x 104 dan 3,83 x 104 L mol-1 cm-1 serta batas deteksi sebesar 4,29 x 10-3; 9,34 x 10-3 dan 7,58 x 10-3 mg L-1. Interferensi yang kuat terhadap analisis nitrit ditunjukkan oleh ion Fe2+ dan Fe3+. Nitrit dan nitrat yang terkandung dalam serabi dan roti tidak melebihi baku mutu menurut PERMENKES RI No. 1168/Menkes/Per/X/1999.

Analysis of nitrite and nitrate in serabi and bread using UV-Vis spectrophotometric has been studied. The aims of this research were to get the optimum conditions for analysis nitrite and nitrate in bread samples, to obtain information on the best reductor for reducing nitrate, to determine interference of some ions and to apply this method for analysis of nitrite and nitrate in bread samples that reach method validation parameters. This research began with determination of optimum conditions of nitrite analysis while the nitrate needs to be reduced before it was analyzed by UV-Vis spectrophotometric using Zn and spongy cadmium. Ions interference toward nitrite analysis was done by determining the lowest ions concentration that can reduce the absorbance of azo compound. Then, analysis method was validated based on method validation parameter. Diazotation reaction produced azo compound which has maximum wavelenght 546 nm. The method validation of analysis of nitrite and nitrate had molar absorptivity for nitrite 3.37 x 104 L mol-1 cm-1 and nitrate which reduced by both Zn was 2.91 x 104 and 3.83 x 104 L mol-1 cm-1 for spongy cadmium. It had limit detection of 4.29 x 10-3 mg L-1 for nitrite, 9.34 x 10-3 and 7.58 x 10-3 mg L-1 for nitrate which reduced by Zn and spongy cadmium. Strong ions interference toward nitrite analysis had been shown by Fe2+ and Fe3+. Nitrite and nitrate were found in serabi and bread but it did not pass the food quality standard according to PERMENKES RI No. 1168/Menkes/Per/X/1999.

Kata Kunci : nitrit, spektrofotometri UV-Vis, Zn, spongy kadmium, validasi metode