Ekstrak lima jenis etnofarmakologi, yaitu Esktrak Kulit Buah Muda Calotropis procera (EKBMCP), Ekstrak Kulit Pohon Alstonia scholaris (EKPAS), Ekstrak Daun Muda Spondias pinnata (EDMSP), Ekstrak Bunga Jantan Carica papaya (EBJCP), dan Ekstrak Daun Muda Chromolena odorata (EDMCO), secara farmakognosi berpotensi sebagai antelmintik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas ekstrak lima jenis etnofarmakologi dari Kabupaten Kupang sebagai antelmintik untuk pengendalian haemonchosis pada kambing. Metode, sampel bubuk dari setiap etnofarmakologi sebanyak 10 g dilarutkan ke dalam 50 mL metanol, jadi 1 mL pelarut mengandung 0,2 g ekstrak. Penelitian tahap I, dibagi tujuh kelompok perlakuan, lima kelompok (EKBMCP, EKPAS, EDMSP, EBJCP, dan EDMCO), kontrol negatif (air suling) dan kontrol positif (pirantel pamoat 5%), durasi pemaparan dengan cacing H. contortus; 1, 3, 5, dan 7 jam. Data vermisidal pada setiap perlakuan secara in-vitro dianalisis secara deskriptif. Penelitian tahap II dan III, daya ovisidal dan larvasidal dibagi lima kelompok yaitu tiga kelompok (EKBMCP, EKPAS, dan EDMSP), kontrol negatif (air suling) dan kontrol positif (albendazole 0,055%). Persentase daya ovisidal dan larvasidal secara in-vitro dianalisis menggunakan analisis varian (RAL), jika berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Penelitian tahap IV, kelompok perlakuan dikelompokkan menjadi empat kelompok, setiap kelompok terdiri dari lima perlakuan, yaitu EKPAS konsentrasi 0,5%, 1,5%, dan 2,5%, kontrol negatif (air suling) dan kontrol positif (pirantel pamoat 5%). Data penurunan tingkat infeksi (FECR) pada setiap kelompok menggunakan analisis varian (RAK). Jika berbeda nyata dilanjutkan dengan uji Duncan. Hubungan FECR dengan profil hematologi menggunakan koefisien korelasi Pearson�s sedangkan status anemia berdasarkan metode Famacha© dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian, antelmintik paling potensial bersifat vermisidal adalah EKPAS 0,005% dan EBJCP 0,005%. Persentase ovisidal EKPAS 0,75% tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,01) dengan EDMSP 3,5% dan 4,5%, EKBMCP 2,5%, 3,5%, dan 4,5% serta kontrol positif. Persentase larvasidal EKPAS 0,5% dan 0,75% tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,01) dengan EDMSP konsentrasi 3,5% dan 4,5%, EKBMCP 4,5% serta kontrol positif. Perlakuan EKPAS 0,5% memberikan pengaruh penurunan persentase tingkat infeksi tidak berbeda (P>0,05) dengan EKPAS 1,5% dan 2,5% serta semua parameter hematologi berkorelasi dengan penurunan tingkat infeksi. Parameter RBC, Hb, dan PCV berkorelasi negatif dengan rataan penurunan skor = 2 (tidak anemia) sedangkan parameter WBC dan eosinofil berkorelasi positif, kecuali parameter neutrofil, basofil, dan limfosit tidak berkorelasi. Kesimpulan, EKPAS 0,005% dan EBJCP 0,005% memberikan efektivitas vermisidal terbaik, EKPAS 0,75% efektivitas ovisidal paling potensial dan EKPAS 0,5% kandidat antelmintik bersifat larvasidal. Perlakuan EKPAS 0,5% merupakan kandidat antelmintik yang paling potensial secara in-vivo.

Extracts of five ethnopharmacology species, rind of young Calotropis procera (EKBMCP), Alstonia scholaris bark (EKPAS), young leaves Spondias pinnata (EDMSP), tassel Carica papaya (EBJCP) and young leaves Chromolena odorata (EDMCO), pharmacognotically potentially as an antelmintic. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of five extracts types of ethnopharmacology from Kupang District as anthelmentic for controlling haemonchosis in kacang goat. The method are powdered sample of each etnopharmacology was taken as much as 10 g then dissolved into 50 mL methanol, so 1 mL of solvent contained 0.2 g extract. The first phase of the study was divided into seven treatment groups, five groups (EKBMCP, EKPAS, EDMSP, EBJCP, and EDMCO), negative control (distilled water) and positive control (pirantel pamoat 5%), duration of exposure with H. contortus worms; 1, 3, 5, and 7 hours. The vermisidal antelmintic data on each treatment in-vitro was analyzed descriptively. Phase II and III research, ovicidal and larvacidal power research were divided into five treatment groups, three groups of extract (EKBMCP, EKPAS and EDMSP), negative control (distilled water) and positive control (albendazole 0.055%). The percentage of ovicidal and larvacidal power in-vitro was analyzed using variance analysis (RAL), if significantly different followed by Duncan test. In the fourth phase of the study, the treatment groups were grouped into four groups, each group consisting of five treatments, namely EKPAS concentrations of 0.5%, 1.5%, and 2.5%, negative control (distilled water) and positive control (pirantel pamoat 5%). Data on rate reduction of infection based on FECR in each treatment group using variance analysis (RAK). If it is significantly different then proceed with Duncan test. The FECR connection with the hematology profile used Pearson's correlation coefficient while the anemic status based on the Famacha© method was analyzed descriptively. Result of research, the most potent vermisidal antelmintic results were EKPAS 0,005% and EBJCP 0,005% compared to EKBMCP, EDMSP, and EDMCO. The percentage of ovisidal EKPAS 0.75% was not significantly different (P>0.01) with 3.5% and 4.5% EDMSP, 2.5% EKBMCP, 3.5%, and 4.5%, and positive control. The percentage of larvalidal EKPAS of 0.5% and 0.75% was not significantly different (P>0.01) with EDMSP concentrations of 3.5% and 4.5%, EKBMCP 4.5% and positive controls. The 0.5% EKPAS treatment had an effect of decreasing the percentage of infection rate not differing (P>0.05) with 1.5% and 2.5% EKPAS and all hematologic parameters correlated with decreased infection rate. The parameters of RBC, Hb, and PCV were negatively correlated with a mean score reduction of 2 (not anemic) based on the Famacha© method while the WBC and eosinophil parameters were positively correlated, unless neutrophil, basophil, and lymphocyte parameters were uncorrelated. Conclusions, EKPAS and EBJCP treatments have the most potential vermisidal power, 0.37% EKPAS treatment and 0.5% EKPAS of the ovisidal and larvicidal antelmintic candidates. The 0.5% EKPAS treatment is the most potent in-vivo antelmintic candidate.

Kata Kunci : Ekstrak etnofarmakologi, Famacha©, Haemonchus contortus, Profil hematologi/Ethnopharmacology extract, Famacha©, Haemonchus contortus, Haematological profile