Latar Belakang Penelitian : Prevalensi anemia pada lanjut usia berdasarkan data NHANES III sebesar 11,0% laki-laki dan 10,2% perempuan menderita anemia. Anemia merupakan faktor risiko yang dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas serta menurunkan kualitas hidup pada lanjut usia. Salah satu penyebab anemia pada lanjut usia adalah kurang gizi (nutritional anemia) seperti anemia defisiensi besi. Hal ini dapat terjadi karena kurangnya asupan protein, zat besi, dan vitamin C, serta adanya faktor penghambat (inhibitor) absorpsi zat besi seperti tanin, fitat, dan asam oksalat. Tujuan Penelitian : Mengetahui hubungan antara asupan protein, zat besi, vitamin C, dan inhibitor absorpsi zat besi dengan status anemia pada lanjut usia di Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta. Metode Penelitian : Jenis penelitian yang dilakukan adalah penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross-sectional. Subjek penelitian adalah lanjut usia di Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta sebanyak 99 orang yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Data yang dikumpulkan yaitu asupan protein, asupan zat besi, asupan vitamin C, asupan inhibitor absorpsi zat besi, berat badan, dan kadar hemoglobin. Data asupan protein, zat besi, vitamin C, dan inhibitor absorpsi zat besi diperoleh dengan wawancara menggunakan SQFFQ. Berat badan diukur dengan menggunakan timbangan berat badan. Kadar hemoglobin diukur dengan menggunakan metode hemocue. Uji statistik yang digunakan untuk menganalisis hubungan adalah uji Chi Square atau uji Fisher’s exact, sedangkan uji statistik yang digunakan untuk melihat besarnya kontribusi adalah regresi logistik. Hasil Penelitian : Prevalensi anemia pada lanjut usia adalah 18,2%. Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan protein dengan status anemia pada lanjut usia (p=0,005). Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan zat besi dengan status anemia pada lanjut usia (p=0,007). Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan vitamin C dengan status anemia pada lanjut usia (p=0,636). Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan inhibitor absorpsi zat besi (tanin, fitat, asam oksalat) dengan status anemia pada lanjut usia (p=0,184; p=0,129; p=0,393). Kesimpulan : Ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan protein dan zat besi dengan status anemia pada lanjut usia di Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta. Tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara asupan vitamin C dan inhibitor absorpsi zat besi dengan status anemia pada lanjut usia di Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta.

Background : The prevalence of anemia in older people based on data from NHANES III by 11,0% of men and 10,2% of women suffered from anemia. Anemia is a risk factor that can be increase morbidity and mortality and decrease quality of life in older people. One of the anemia’s cause in older people is an undernutrition (nutritional anemia) such as iron deficiency anemia. This can occur due to inadequate intake of protein, iron, and vitamin C, with inhibitory factors of iron absorption such as tannin, phytate, and oxalate acid. Objective : To determine the relationship between intake of protein, iron, vitamin C, and iron absorption inhibitors with anemia status in older people at Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta. Method : The study used observational study with cross sectional design. Subjects for the study were 99 older people at Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta who complied for inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data collected include protein intake, iron intake, vitamin C intake, iron absorption inhibitors intake, body weight, and hemoglobin concentration. Data related to intake of protein, iron, vitamin C, and iron absorption inhibitors obtained by interview using SQFFQ. Body weight measured using weight scales. Hemoglobin concentration measured using hemocue method. The statistical test used to analyze the relationship is a Chi Square test or Fisher’s exact test, whereas statistical test used to look the biggest contribution is a logistic regression. Results : The prevalence of anemia in older people was 18,2%. There was significant relationship between intake of protein with anemia status in older people (p=0,005). There was significant relationship between intake of iron with anemia status in older people (p=0,007). There was no significant relationship between intake of vitamin C with anemia status in older people (p=0,636). There was no significant relationship between intake of iron absorption inhibitors (tannin, phytate, oxalate acid) with anemia status in older people (p=0,184; p=0,129; p=0,393). Conclusion : There were significant relationship between intake of protein and iron with anemia status in older people at Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta. There were no significant relationship between intake of vitamin C and iron absorption inhibitors with anemia status in older people at Paguyuban “Wira Wredha” Wirogunan, Yogyakarta.

Kata Kunci : protein, zat besi, vitamin C, inhibitor absorpsi zat besi, status anemia, lanjut usia