Masalah sampah adalah masalah yang dihadapi oleh banyak kota di dunia, tidak terkecuali di Yogyakarta. Kepadatan penduduk Kota Yogyakarta yang tinggi menjadikan masalah sampah semakin mendesak untuk ditangani. Pengelolaan Sampah Berbasis Masyarakat (PSBM) atau yang sering juga disebut pengelolaan sampah mandiri dianggap sebagai sebuah solusi yang bersifat jangka panjang dan menyeluruh, menyasar pada penanganan dan pengelolaan sampah mulai dari sumbernya, yaitu rumah tangga. PSBM sudah cukup lama berlangsung di Yogyakarta, sehingga dirasa perlu dievaluasi di dalam penelitian ini.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: 1) mengevaluasi efektivitas pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat yang sudah dilakukan dalam kurun waktu tertentu; 2) mengevaluasi keberlanjutan pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat ditinjau dari segi ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan; dan 3) mengetahui korelasi antara efektivitas dan keberlanjutan pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif kualitatif, dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data berupa wawancara, kuesioner, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sampel yang diteliti di lapangan adalah kelompok-kelompok PSBM di 45 kelurahan di Kota Yogyakarta. Evaluasi efektivitas menggunakan model CIPP, dimana seluruh aspek PSBM dikelompokkan menjadi 4 kategori, yaitu konteks, input (masukan), proses, dan produk atau hasil. Sementara itu, di dalam evaluasi keberlanjutan dianalisa keberlanjutan ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan. Dari evaluasi yang sudah dilakukan, ditemukan bahwa dari PSBM yang berlangsung di 45 kelurahan di Kota Yogyakarta, 34 kelurahan cukup efektif, dan 11 kelurahan sisanya kurang efektif. Sementara itu, potensi keberlanjutan PSBM di 45 kelurahan di Kota Yogyakarta, 2 kelurahan baik, 35 kelurahan cukup baik, dan 8 kelurahan kurang baik. Adapun korelasi antara efektivitas dan keberlanjutan PSBM terletak pada beberapa parameter yang digunakan untuk mengevaluasi, namun dalam hal keberlanjutan diperhitungkan pula aspek-aspek yang mendukung pelaksanaan PSBM di masa depan.

Waste problem is a problem that many cities in the world are facing, including Yogyakarta. The dense population in Yogyakarta makes waste problem a more urgent matter that needs solution. People Based Waste Management (PBWM) or otherwise known as independent waste management is considered as a long term and comprehensive solution that aim to handle and manage waste starting from its source, which are the households. PBWM has been going on in Yogyakarta for quite a while, so it is deemed necessary that an evaluation is performed on it. The goals of this research are: 1) to evaluate the effectiveness of PBWM that has been going on for a certain time period; 2) to evaluate the sustainability of PBWM seen from economy, social, and ecology / environmental aspects; and 3) to discover the correlation between the effectiveness and sustainability of PBWM. This research was a descriptive qualitative research, using a data collection method that included interview, questionnaires, observation, and documentation. The samples that were researched on the field were 45 PBWM communities in each subdistrict in Yogyakarta. The evaluation for effectiveness in this research used the CIPP model, which grouped all aspects in PBWM into 4 categories, namely context, input, process, and product. Meanwhile, the evaluation of sustainability was done on economic aspect, social aspect, and environmental aspect. From the evaluation done in this research, the researcher found that from the PBWM done in 45 subdistricts in Yogyakarta, 34 subdistricts were moderately effective, and 11 subdistricts were less effective. Meanwhile, regarding the potential of sustainability of PSBM in 45 subdistricts in Yogyakarta, 2 subdistricts were good, 35 subdistricts were fair, and 8 subdistricts were not very good. The correlation between the effectiveness and sustainability of PBWM lies in the parameters that were used to evaluate, but in term of sustainability the aspects that support the continuity of PBWM in the future were also taken into account.

Kata Kunci : pengelolaan sampah berbasis masyarakat, efektivitas, keberlanjutan / people based waste management, effectiveness, sustainability